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  1. Physicians in prehospital care must be proficient in critical care procedures. Procedure proficiency requires a combination of training, experience and continuous clinical exposure. Most physicians in helicopt...

    Authors: Stephen J. M. Sollid, Per P. Bredmose, Anders R. Nakstad and Mårten Sandberg
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:45
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  2. Supraglottic devices are helpful for inexperienced providers who perform ventilation in emergency situations. Most supraglottic devices do not allow secondary tracheal intubation through the device. The novel ...

    Authors: Thomas Ott, Matthias Fischer, Tobias Limbach, Irene Schmidtmann, Tim Piepho and Ruediger R. Noppens
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:44
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  3. Airway management during resuscitation attempts is pivotal for treating hypoxia, and endotracheal intubation is the standard procedure. This German Resuscitation Registry analysis investigates the influence of...

    Authors: Jan Wnent, Rüdiger Franz, Stephan Seewald, Rolf Lefering, Matthias Fischer, Andreas Bohn, Jörg W. Walther, Jens Scholz, Roman-Patrik Lukas and Jan-Thorsten Gräsner
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:43
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  4. Therapeutic hypothermia, recently termed target temperature management (TTM), is the cornerstone of neuroprotective strategy. Dating to the pioneer works of Fay, nearly 75 years of basic and clinical evidence ...

    Authors: Max Andresen, Jose Tomás Gazmuri, Arnaldo Marín, Tomas Regueira and Maximiliano Rovegno
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:42
    Content type: Review Published on:

  5. Penetrating cardiac injuries in Europe have been poorly studied. We present a 10-year outcome for patients with penetrating heart injuries at Oslo University Hospital.

    Authors: Mari-Liis Kaljusto, Nils Oddvar Skaga, Johan Pillgram-Larsen and Theis Tønnessen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:41
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  6. Transcutaneous CO 2 (PtCO 2) is a continuous and non-invasive measure recommended by scientific societies in the management of respiratory distress. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation betw...

    Authors: Xavier Bobbia, Pierre-Géraud Claret, Ludovic Palmier, Michaël Robert, Romain Genre Grandpierre, Claire Roger, Patrick Ray, Mustapha Sebbane, Laurent Muller and Jean-Emmanuel de La Coussaye
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:40
    Content type: Original Research Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:77

  7. Telecommunicators use a two-question algorithm to identify cardiac arrest: Is the individual conscious? Is the individual breathing normally? Although this approach increases arrest identification and consequentl...

    Authors: Ross Orpet, Randi Riesenberg, Jenny Shin, Cleo Subido, Eddie Markul and Thomas Rea
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:39
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  8. Especially in the emergency setting, rapid and successful airway management is of major importance. Conventional endotracheal intubation is challenging and requires high level of individual skills and experien...

    Authors: Simon Sulser, Dirk Ubmann, Martin Brueesch, Georg Goliasch, Burkhardt Seifert, Donat R Spahn and Kurt Ruetzler
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:38
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  9. Mechanical chest compressions have been proposed to provide high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), but despite the growing use of mechanical chest compression devices, only few studies have addresse...

    Authors: Tinne Tranberg, Jens F Lassen, Anne K Kaltoft, Troels M Hansen, Carsten Stengaard, Lars Knudsen, Sven Trautner and Christian J Terkelsen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:37
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  10. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of chest compressions performed by inexperienced rescuers using three different techniques: two-hand, right one-hand, and left one-hand.

    Authors: Min Joung Kim, Hye Sun Lee, Seunghwan Kim and Yoo Seok Park
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:36
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  11. Severe facial trauma is often associated with intracerebral injuries. So it seemed to be of interest to study stress propagation from face to neurocranium after a fistlike impact on the facial skull in a finit...

    Authors: Heike Huempfner-Hierl, Andreas Schaller and Thomas Hierl
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:35
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  12. The relationship between the number of pre-hospital defibrillation shocks and treatment outcome in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) presenting with ventricular fibrillation (VF) is unknown c...

    Authors: Manabu Hasegawa, Takeru Abe, Takashi Nagata, Daisuke Onozuka and Akihito Hagihara
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:34
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  13. To standardize patient handover in the chain of emergency care a handover guideline was developed. The main guideline recommendation is to use the DeMIST model (Demographics, Mechanism of Injury/illness, Injur...

    Authors: Remco HA Ebben, Pierre M van Grunsven, Marie Louise Moors, Peter Aldenhoven, Jordan de Vaan, Roger van Hout, Theo van Achterberg and Lilian CM Vloet
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:33
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  14. Literature on medical dispatch is growing, focusing mainly on efficiency (under and overtriage) and dispatch-assisted CPR. But the issue of population catchment size, functional costs and rationalization is ra...

    Authors: Fabrice Dami, Vincent Fuchs and Olivier Hugli
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:32
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  15. In emergency medicine, the benefits of high-fidelity simulation (SIM) are widely accepted and standardized patients (SP) are known to mimic real patients accurately. However, only limited data are available co...

    Authors: Bernd Valentin, Oliver Grottke, Max Skorning, Sebastian Bergrath, Harold Fischermann, Daniel Rörtgen, Marie-Therese Mennig, Christina Fitzner, Michael P Müller, Clemens Kirschbaum, Rolf Rossaint and Stefan K Beckers
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:31
    Content type: Review Published on:

  16. The use of a double lumen cannula for veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (v.v. ECMO) offers several advantages such as cannulation with only one cannula, patient comfort and the earlier mobilizati...

    Authors: Martin Gothner, Dirk Buchwald, Justus T Strauch, Thomas A Schildhauer and Justyna Swol
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:30
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  17. Traumatic injury and mental health disorders are co-associated. Early identification of depression, anxiety and stress following injury, and subsequent preventive intervention, may reduce the long-term symptom...

    Authors: Taneal A Wiseman, Kate Curtis, Mary Lam and Kim Foster
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:29
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  18. It has been suggested that prehospital care teams that can provide advanced prehospital interventions may decrease the transit time through the ED to CT scan and subsequent surgery. This study is an explorator...

    Authors: Alan A Garner, Kristy P Mann, Elwyn Poynter, Andrew Weatherall, Susan Dashey, Michael Puntis and Val Gebski
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:28
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  19. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to critically compare the outcomes of plate fixation (PF) versus intramedullary fixation (IF) for the treatment of mid-shaft clavicle fractures.

    Authors: Bing Zhang, Yanbin Zhu, Fei Zhang, Wei Chen, Ye Tian and Yingze Zhang
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:27
    Content type: Review Published on:

  20. Meta-analyses of nonrandomized studies have provided conflicting data on therapeutic hypothermia, or targeted temperature management (TTM), at 33°C in patients successfully resuscitated after nonshockable card...

    Authors: Jean Baptiste Lascarrou, Ferhat Meziani, Amélie Le Gouge, Thierry Boulain, Jérôme Bousser, Guillaume Belliard, Pierre Asfar, Jean Pierre Frat, Pierre François Dequin, Jean Paul Gouello, Arnaud Delahaye, Ali Ait Hssain, Jean Charles Chakarian, Nicolas Pichon, Arnaud Desachy, Fréderic Bellec…
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:26
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  21. The Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine is extremely grateful for the time, hard work and support of its highly-qualified peer reviewers. The editors of the Scandinavian Journal o...

    Authors: Hans Morten Lossius, Kjetil Søreide and Kristi G Bache
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:25
    Content type: Reviewer acknowledgement Published on:

  22. Airway management to ensure sufficient gas exchange is of major importance in emergency care. The accepted basic technique is to maintain an open airway and perform artificial ventilation in emergency situatio...

    Authors: Sami Länkimäki, Seppo Alahuhta, Tom Silfvast and Jouni Kurola
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:24
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  23. Norway experienced two terror attacks on July 22, 2011. A car bomb exploded in the Oslo government district killing eight people. Shortly after, 69 adolescents gathered at a political youth camp were shot and ...

    Authors: Laila Skogstad, Anja M Fjetland and Øivind Ekeberg
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:23
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  24. Up to 25% of stroke patients wake up with a neurological deficit, so called wake-up stroke (WUS). Different imaging approaches that may aid in the selection of patients likely to benefit from reperfusion thera...

    Authors: Audun Odland, Pål Særvoll, Rajiv Advani, Martin W Kurz and Kathinka D Kurz
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:22
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  25. Haemorrhage is a leading cause of death in paediatric trauma patients. Predefined massive transfusion protocols (MTP) have the potential to significantly reduce mortality by treating haemorrhagic shock and coa...

    Authors: Kristin Brønnum Nystrup, Jakob Stensballe, Morten Bøttger, Pär I Johansson and Sisse R Ostrowski
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:21
    Content type: Review Published on:

  26. Because most community hospitals in Japan do not maintain 24-h availability of in-house anesthesiologists, surgeons, and interventional radiologists, staffing dramatically declines during off hours. It is uncl...

    Authors: Yuko Ono, Tokiya Ishida, Yudai Iwasaki, Yutaka Kawakami, Ryota Inokuchi, Choichiro Tase and Kazuaki Shinohara
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:20
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  27. Patients with chronic abdominal pain occasionally suffer from the anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES). A substantial number of patients report previous visits to an emergency department (ED) w...

    Authors: Tijmen van Assen, Jill A G M Brouns, Marc R Scheltinga and Rudi M Roumen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:19
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  28. To better clinical outcomes, open reduction and internal fixations (ORIFs) have been commonly performed in the case of closed displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (CDICFs). Nonetheless, postoperative ...

    Authors: Wei Zhang, Erman Chen, Deting Xue, Houfa Yin and Zhijun Pan
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:18
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  29. Blunt chest trauma is associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Complications in blunt chest trauma develop secondary to rib fractures as a consequence of pain and inadequate ventilation. This li...

    Authors: Annalise Unsworth, Kate Curtis and Stephen Edward Asha
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:17
    Content type: Review Published on:

  30. Air medical transport of patients suffering of highly infectious diseases is typically performed employing portable isolation chambers. Although the likelihood of decompression flight emergencies is low, susta...

    Authors: Roland Albrecht, Andres Kunz and Wolfgang G Voelckel
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:16
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  31. In The Netherlands, standard prehospital trauma care is provided by emergency medical services and can be supplemented with advanced trauma care by Mobile Medical Teams. Due to observed over and undertriage in...

    Authors: Annelieke Maria Karien Harmsen, Leo Maria George Geeraedts, Georgios Fredericus Giannakopoulos, Maartje Terra, Herman Martinus Timotheus Christiaans, Lidwine Brigitta Mokkink and Frank Willem Bloemers
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:15
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  32. The high job stress among ambulance personnel is a widely known phenomenon. Purpose: to asses the self reported health status of ambulance workers.

    Authors: Emese Pek, Kata Fuge, Jozsef Marton, Balint Banfai, Gabriella Csaszarne Gombos and Jozsef Betlehem
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:14
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  33. The incidence of hypothermia is difficult to evaluate, and the data concerning the morbidity and mortality rates do not seem to fully represent the problem. The aim of the study was to estimate the actual prev...

    Authors: Sylweriusz Kosiński, Tomasz Darocha, Robert Gałązkowski and Rafał Drwiła
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:13
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  34. To study functional neurologic and cognitive outcome and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a cohort of patients included in a randomised controlled trial on glucose control following out-of-hospital ca...

    Authors: Marjaana Tiainen, Erja Poutiainen, Tuomas Oksanen, Kirsi-Maija Kaukonen, Ville Pettilä, Markus Skrifvars, Tero Varpula and Maaret Castrén
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:12
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  35. Many patients seeking emergency care are under the influence of alcohol, which in many cases implies a differential diagnostic problem. For this reason early objective alcohol screening is of importance not to...

    Authors: Annika Kaisdotter Andersson, Josefine Kron, Maaret Castren, Asa Muntlin Athlin, Bertil Hok and Lars Wiklund
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:11
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  36. Becoming old is considered a privilege and results from the socioeconomic progress and improvements in health care systems worldwide. However, morbidity and mortality increases with age, and even more so in ac...

    Authors: Kjetil Søreide and Kari F Desserud
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:10
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  37. Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) orders in patients with traumatic injury are insufficiently described. The objective is to describe the epidemiology and outcomes of DNR orders in trauma patients.

    Authors: Kristin Salottolo, Patrick J Offner, Alessandro Orlando, Denetta S Slone, Charles W Mains, Matthew Carrick and David Bar-Or
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:9
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  38. Liver is a target for injury in low flow states and it plays a central role in the progression of systemic failure associated with hemorrhagic shock. Pharmacologic support can help recover liver function even ...

    Authors: Vivek R Yadav, Alamdar Hussain, Jun Xie, Stanley Kosanke and Vibhudutta Awasthi
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:8
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  39. There is substantial variation in the incidence, likelihood of attempted resuscitation and outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) across Europe. A European, multi-centre study provides the opportu...

    Authors: Jan Wnent, Siobhán Masterson, Jan-Thorsten Gräsner, Bernd W Böttiger, Johan Herlitz, Ruud W Koster, Fernando Rosell Ortiz, Ingvild Tjelmeland, Holger Maurer and Leo Bossaert
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:7
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  40. Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) have detrimental effects on all organ systems and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients ad...

    Authors: Steven G Strang, Oscar J F Van Waes, Ben Van der Hoven, Samir Ali, Michael H J Verhofstad, Peter Pickkers and Esther M M Van Lieshout
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:6
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  41. Although the international guidelines emphasize early and systematic use of rescue intubation techniques, there is little evidence to support this notion. We aimed to test the hypothesis that preceding multipl...

    Authors: Tadahiro Goto, Koichiro Gibo, Yusuke Hagiwara, Hiroshi Morita, David FM Brown, Calvin A Brown III and Kohei Hasegawa
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:5
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  42. In prehospital emergency medical services, one of the key factors in the successful delivery of appropriate care is the efficient management and supervision of the area’s emergency medical services units. Para...

    Authors: Teija Norri-Sederholm, Heikki Paakkonen, Jouni Kurola and Kaija Saranto
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:4
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  43. In 2011 the Hungarian Air Ambulance Nonprofit Limited Company introduced a new Rapid Sequence Intubation standard operating procedure using a template from London’s Air Ambulance. This replaced a previous ad-h...

    Authors: Akos Soti, Peter Temesvari, Laszlo Hetzman, Attila Eross and Andras Petroczy
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:3
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  44. Different transfusion ratio concepts of packed red blood cells (pRBCs), fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and platelets (PLTs) have been implemented in trauma care, but the optimal ratios are still discussed. In this ...

    Authors: Arne Driessen, Nadine Schäfer, Ursula Bauerfeind, Sigune Kaske, Carolin Fromm-Dornieden, Ewa K Stuermer and Marc Maegele
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2015 23:2
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  46. Call taker triage of calls to the 112 emergency number, can be error prone because rapid decisions must be made based on limited information. Here we investigated the preventability and common characteristics ...

    Authors: Mikkel S Andersen, Søren Paaske Johnsen, Andreas Ernst Hansen, Eivinn Skjaerseth, Christian Muff Hansen, Jan Nørtved Sørensen, Søren Bruun Jepsen, Jesper Bjerring Hansen and Erika Frischknecht Christensen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2014 22:74
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  47. The incidence of cervical spine fractures (CS-fx) in the general population is sparingly assessed. The aim of the current study was to estimate the incidence of traumatic CS-fx and of open surgery of cervical ...

    Authors: Hege L Fredø, Inger J Bakken, Bjarne Lied, Pål Rønning and Eirik Helseth
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2014 22:78
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  48. Fibrinogen concentrate treatment can improve coagulation during massive traumatic bleeding. The aim of this in vitro study was to determine whether fibrinogen concentrate, or a combination of factor XIII and f...

    Authors: Dag Winstedt, Owain D Thomas, Fredrik Nilsson, Knut Olanders and Ulf Schött
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2014 22:73
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  49. The aim of this study was to determine the early outcomes of using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in near-drowning patients with cardiac or pulmonary failure.

    Authors: Kun Il Kim, Won Yong Lee, Hyoung Soo Kim, Jae Han Jeong and Ho Hyun Ko
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2014 22:77
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  50. Emergency Medical Institute of Thailand (EMIT) has been established as a national lead agency to improve emergency medical service systems since December 2008. However up to now, there has not been any publish...

    Authors: Paibul Suriyawongpaisal, Wichai Aekplakorn and Rassamee Tansirisithikul
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2014 22:75
    Content type: Original research Published on:

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Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine

ISSN: 1757-7241