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Hypothermia in injured patients – does it happen often?
Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine volume 17, Article number: O4 (2009)
Introduction
Hypothermia is an independent predictor of increased morbidity and mortality in severely injured patients, mainly due to negative effects on coagulation [1]. Hypothermia can result from trauma itself, reduced tissue perfusion, pre-hospital interventions or lack of such. Efforts to increase body temperature by insulation and active re-warming can by life-saving if the risk of hypothermia in these patients is acknowledged. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of hypothermia in a trauma population.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of data collected prospectively from the trauma registry at St. Olavs University Hospital, Norway, from 1st Jan 2004 to 31st Dec 2006. Hypothermia was defined as temperature ≤ 36°C [2].
Results
1237 trauma patients were identified during the study period. Among these, 67% (N = 827) had their temperature registered in the emergency department. Overall median temperature was 36.5°C (range 15–39.2), and 218 patients (26%) were hypothermic with a median temperature of 35.6°C. Physician staffed transport (consultant anaesthetist) treated 138 patients (63%). See Table 1.
Conclusion
The prevalence of hypothermia could not be assessed due to no recording of temperature in a significant number of our patients. This suggests a less than adequate level of vigilance. Among patients with recorded temperature, a substantial number was hypothermic. It is necessary to address this issue along the entire chain of survival.
References
Ferrara A, MacArthur JD, Wright HK, Modlin IM, McMillen MA: Hypothermia and acidosis worsen coagulopathy in the patient requiring massive transfusion. Am J Surg. 1990, 160: 515-518. 10.1016/S0002-9610(05)81018-9.
Soreide E, Smith CE: Hypothermia in trauma victims – friend or foe (enemy)?. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2004, 12: 229-231.
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Open Access This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Krüger, A., Uleberg, O. & Skogvoll, E. Hypothermia in injured patients – does it happen often?. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 17 (Suppl 1), O4 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-7241-17-S1-O4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-7241-17-S1-O4
Keywords
- Public Health
- Emergency Department
- Body Temperature
- Independent Predictor
- Emergency Medicine