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  1. Cardiac arrest affects 30-35, 000 hospitalised patients in the UK every year. For these patients to be given the best chance of survival, high quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) must be delivered, how...

    Authors: Gavin D Perkins, Robin P Davies, Sarah Quinton, Sarah Woolley, Fang Gao, Ben Abella, Nigel Stallard and Matthew W Cooke
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:58
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  2. Physician-manned emergency medical teams supplement other emergency medical services in some countries. These teams are often selectively deployed to patients who are considered likely to require critical care...

    Authors: Espen Fevang, David Lockey, Julian Thompson and Hans Morten Lossius
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:57
    Content type: Original research Published on:

    The Editorial to this article has been published in Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2018 26:101

  3. Airway management is of essential importance in emergency care. Training and skill retention of endotracheal intubation (ETI) - the technique considered as the "gold standard" -, poses a problem especially amo...

    Authors: Jouni Kurola, Heikki Paakkonen, Tapio Kettunen, Juha-Pekka Laakso, Jouko Gorski and Tom Silfvast
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:56
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  4. Interruption in chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be characterized as no flow ratio (NFR) and the importance of minimizing these pauses in chest compression has been highlighted recen...

    Authors: Frederik Mondrup, Mikkel Brabrand, Lars Folkestad, Jakob Oxlund, Karsten R Wiborg, Niels P Sand and Torben Knudsen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:55
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  5. The treatment of trauma victims is a complex multi-professional task in a stressful environment. We previously found that trauma team members perceive leadership as the most important human factor. The aim of ...

    Authors: Amund Hovengen Ringen, Magnus Hjortdahl and Torben Wisborg
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:54
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  6. Checklists are common in some medical fields, including surgery, intensive care and emergency medicine. They can be an effective tool to improve care processes and reduce mortality and morbidity. Despite the s...

    Authors: Øyvind Thomassen, Ansgar Espeland, Eirik Søfteland, Hans Morten Lossius, Jon Kenneth Heltne and Guttorm Brattebø
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:53
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  7. Exsanguination due to uncontrolled bleeding is the leading cause of potentially preventable deaths among trauma patients. About one third of trauma patients present with coagulopathy on admission, which is ass...

    Authors: Kristin B Nystrup, Nis A Windeløv, Annemarie B Thomsen and Pär I Johansson
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:52
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  8. Temporary abdominal closure (TAC) is included in most published damage control (DC) and abdominal compartment (ACS) protocols. TAC is associated with a range of complications and the optimal method remains to ...

    Authors: Sigrid Groven, Pål A Næss, Erik Trondsen and Christine Gaarder
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:51
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  9. The early use of reperfusion therapy has a significant effect on the prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and it is recommended that emergency department (ED) physicia...

    Authors: Soo Hyun Kim, Sang Hoon Oh, Seung Pill Choi, Kyu Nam Park, Young Min Kim and Chun Song Youn
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:50
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  10. Emergency Departments (ED) have a high flow of patients and time is often crucial. New technologies for laboratory analysis have been developed, including Point of Care Technologies (POCT), which can reduce th...

    Authors: Christian B Mogensen, Anders Borch and Ivan Brandslund
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:49
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  11. To investigate how callers understand the information given by telephone by registered nurses in a casualty clinic, to what degree the advice was followed, and the final outcome of the condition for the patients.

    Authors: Elisabeth Holm Hansen and Steinar Hunskaar
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:48
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  12. Surprisingly little is known about the most efficient organization of admissions to an emergency hospital. It is important to know, who should be in front when the GP requests an acute admission. The aim of th...

    Authors: Christian B Mogensen, Anne Mette M Mortensen and Peter B Staehr
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:47
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  13. The aim of this study was to measure chest compression decay during simulated advanced life support (ALS) in a cardiac arrest manikin model.

    Authors: Conrad A Bjørshol, Kjetil Sunde, Helge Myklebust, Jörg Assmus and Eldar Søreide
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:46
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  14. Trauma patients are customarily transported in the supine position to protect the spine. The Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Exposure (ABCDE) principles clearly give priority to airways. In Nor...

    Authors: Sabina Fattah, Guri R Ekås, Per Kristian Hyldmo and Torben Wisborg
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:45
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  15. Report a nationwide epidemic of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) O103:H25 causing hemolytic uremic syndrome (D+HUS) in children.

    Authors: Lars Krogvold, Thore Henrichsen, Anna Bjerre, Damien Brackman, Henrik Dollner, Helga Gudmundsdottir, Gaute Syversen, Pål Aksel Næss and Hans Jacob Bangstad
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:44
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  16. Overcrowding in emergency departments is a worldwide problem. A systematic literature review was undertaken to scientifically explore which interventions improve patient flow in emergency departments.

    Authors: Sven Oredsson, Håkan Jonsson, Jon Rognes, Lars Lind, Katarina E Göransson, Anna Ehrenberg, Kjell Asplund, Maaret Castrén and Nasim Farrohknia
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:43
    Content type: Review Published on:

  17. Emergency department (ED) triage is used to identify patients' level of urgency and treat them based on their triage level. The global advancement of triage scales in the past two decades has generated conside...

    Authors: Nasim Farrohknia, Maaret Castrén, Anna Ehrenberg, Lars Lind, Sven Oredsson, Håkan Jonsson, Kjell Asplund and Katarina E Göransson
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:42
    Content type: Review Published on:

  18. Accidental hypothermia increases mortality and morbidity in trauma patients. Various methods for insulating and wrapping hypothermic patients are used worldwide. The aim of this study was to compare the therma...

    Authors: Øyvind Thomassen, Hilde Færevik, Øyvind Østerås, Geir Arne Sunde, Erik Zakariassen, Mariann Sandsund, Jon Kenneth Heltne and Guttorm Brattebø
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:41
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  19. Accidents caused by motorized vehicle in the agricultural sector are frequently observed. In Turkey; accidents arising from motorized vehicles, named Pat-Pat, which are used by farmers in the Western Black Sea...

    Authors: Sami Karapolat, Ayhan Saritas, Hayati Kandis, Mehmet Cikman, Suat Gezer, Ismet Ozaydin, Abdulkadir Iskender, Cagatay Calikoglu, Davut Baltaci, Mustafa Uslu, Banu Karapolat and Talha Dumlu
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:40
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  20. Psychiatric liaison services are rare in trauma units of various hospitals in Nigeria and other sub-Saharan African countries. The occurrence of road traffic accidents (RTAs) resulting from low standard of roa...

    Authors: Obiora Iteke, Muideen O Bakare, Ahamefule O Agomoh, Richard Uwakwe and Jojo U Onwukwe
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:39
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  21. The Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) score is widely used in research and quality assurance to assess neurologic outcome following cardiac arrest. However, little is known about the inter- and intra-reviewe...

    Authors: Kamal Ajam, Laura S Gold, Stacey S Beck, Susan Damon, Randi Phelps and Thomas D Rea
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:38
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  22. Quality improvement initiatives in emergency medicine (EM) often suffer from a lack of benchmarking data on the quality of care. The objectives of this study were twofold: 1. To assess the feasibility of colle...

    Authors: Ulf Ekelund, Lisa Kurland, Fredrik Eklund, Paulus Torkki, Anna Letterstål, Per Lindmarker and Maaret Castrén
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:37
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  23. Alternatives to endotracheal intubation (ETI) are required when access to the cranial end of the patient is restricted. In this study, the success rate and time duration of standard intubation techniques were ...

    Authors: Anders R Nakstad and Mårten Sandberg
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:36
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  24. Rapid fluid administration is often required for resuscitation when patients are admitted in emergency department with hypovolemic shock or excessive blood loss. Various methods have been described earlier to ...

    Authors: Dheeraj Kapoor and Manpreet Singh
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:35
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  25. Bowel entrapment within a pelvic injury is rare and difficult to diagnose. Usually, it is diagnosed late because of concomitant abdominal injuries. It may present itself as an acute intestinal obstruction or, ...

    Authors: Ewan D Ritchie, Eelco J Veen, Jan Olsman and Koop Bosscha
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:34
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  26. A recent paper has drawn attention to the paucity of widely accepted quality indicators for trauma care. At the same time, several studies have measured whether mortality of trauma patients changes between nor...

    Authors: Stefano Di Bartolomeo
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:33
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  27. To describe the organization of an ECMO-centre from triage by telephone to the phase of inter-hospital transportation with ECMO of patients affected by H1N1-induced ARDS, describing techniques and equipment used.

    Authors: Marco Ciapetti, Giovanni Cianchi, Giovanni Zagli, Cesare Greco, Andrea Pasquini, Rosario Spina, Stefano Batacchi, Manuela Bonizzoli, Massimo Bonacchi, Chiara Lazzeri, Pasquale Bernardo and Adriano Peris
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:32
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  28. In critically ill patients intravascular volume status and pulmonary edema need to be quantified as soon as possible. Many critically ill patients undergo a computed tomography (CT)-scan of the thorax after ad...

    Authors: Bernd Saugel, Konstantin Holzapfel, Jens Stollfuss, Tibor Schuster, Veit Phillip, Caroline Schultheiss, Roland M Schmid and Wolfgang Huber
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:31
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  29. Earthquakes are renowned as being amongst the most dangerous and destructive types of natural disasters. Iran, a developing country in Asia, is prone to earthquakes and is ranked as one of the most vulnerable ...

    Authors: Ahmadreza Djalali, Hamidreza Khankeh, Gunnar Öhlén, Maaret Castrén and Lisa Kurland
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:30
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  30. Many trauma registries have used the Abbreviated Injury Scale 1990 Revision Update 98 (AIS98) to classify injuries. In the current AIS version (Abbreviated Injury Scale 2005 Update 2008 - AIS08), injury classi...

    Authors: Cameron S Palmer, Melanie Franklyn, Christine Read-Allsopp, Susan McLellan and Louise E Niggemeyer
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:29
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  31. Acute abdominal pain is one of the most frequent reasons for admitting patients to the emergency department for surgical evaluation. A wide number of differential diagnoses are available and their pre-test lik...

    Authors: Kjetil Søreide
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:28
    Content type: Editorial Published on:

  32. The aim of this prospective study was therefore to evaluate the diagnostic value of preoperative serum High Mobility Group Box Protein-1 (HMGB-1) levels in patients with Acute Appendicitis (AA) who show normal...

    Authors: Yavuz Albayrak, Ayse Albayrak, Muhammet Celik, Ibrahim Gelincik, Ismail Demiryılmaz, Rahsan Yildirim and Bunyami Ozogul
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:27
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  33. Injury scoring is important to formulate prognoses for trauma patients. Although scores based on empirical estimation allow for better prediction, those based on expert consensus, e.g. the New Injury Severity ...

    Authors: Stefano Di Bartolomeo, Chiara Ventura, Massimiliano Marino, Francesca Valent, Susanna Trombetti and Rossana De Palma
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:26
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  34. In 2000 the Scandinavian Neurotrauma Committee published guidelines for safe and cost-effective management of minimal, mild and moderate head injured patients.

    Authors: Marianne Efskind Harr, Ben Heskestad, Tor Ingebrigtsen, Bertil Romner, Pål Rønning and Eirik Helseth
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:25
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  35. Sodium acetate has been shown to cause hemodynamic instability when used as a hemodialysis buffer. The pattern of hemodynamic response to injury will be evaluated between those who received sodium acetate and ...

    Authors: Andrew McCague, Mira Dermendjieva, Ryan Hutchinson, David T Wong and Nguyen Dao
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:24
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  36. The present study was performed to compare blood product consumption and clinical results in consecutive, unselected trauma patients during the first 6 months of year 2002, 2004 and 2007.

    Authors: Anders R Nakstad, Nils O Skaga, Johan Pillgram-Larsen, Berit Gran and Hans E Heier
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:23
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  37. Trauma patients have impaired health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after trauma. The aim of the study was to assess HRQOL during the first year after trauma and hospital stay in trauma patients admitted to a...

    Authors: Kirsti Tøien, Inger S Bredal, Laila Skogstad, Hilde Myhren and Øivind Ekeberg
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:22
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  38. Patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) frequently use warfarin. Fibrinolytic agents and warfarin both increase bleeding risk, but only a few studies have been published con...

    Authors: Sini Saarinen, Jyrki Puolakka, James Boyd, Taneli Väyrynen, Harri Luurila and Markku Kuisma
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:21
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  39. Few studies have evaluated pre-hospital documentation quality. We retrospectively assessed emergency medical service (EMS) documentation of key logistic, physiologic, and mechanistic variables in motor vehicle...

    Authors: Trine Staff and Signe Søvik
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:20
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  40. There is a great variety in how emergency medical communication centers (EMCC) are organized in different countries and sometimes, even within countries. Organizational changes in the EMCC have often occurred ...

    Authors: Veronica Lindström, Jukka Pappinen, Ann-Charlotte Falk and Maaret Castrén
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:19
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  41. Admission with a multidisciplinary trauma team may be vital for the severely injured patient, as this facilitates rapid diagnosis and treatment. On the other hand, patients with minor injuries do not need the ...

    Authors: Trond Dehli, Knut Fredriksen, Svein A Osbakk and Kristian Bartnes
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:18
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  42. Early identification of major trauma may contribute to timely emergency care and rapid transport to an appropriate health-care facility. Several prognostic trauma models have been developed to improve early cl...

    Authors: Marius Rehn, Pablo Perel, Karen Blackhall and Hans Morten Lossius
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:17
    Content type: Review Published on:

  43. Delayed neuropsychological sequelae (DNS) commonly occur after recovery from acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. The preventive role and the indications for hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the acute setting are...

    Authors: Giuseppe Pepe, Matteo Castelli, Peiman Nazerian, Simone Vanni, Massimo Del Panta, Francesco Gambassi, Primo Botti, Andrea Missanelli and Stefano Grifoni
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:16
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  44. Junior physicians are sometimes sent in ambulances with critically ill patients who require urgent transfer to another hospital. Unfamiliar surroundings and personnel, time pressure, and lack of experience may...

    Authors: Christian B Høyer, Erika F Christensen and Berit Eika
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:15
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  45. This paper reviews the current literature on smoke inhalation injuries with special attention to the effects of hydrogen cyanide. It is assumed that cyanide poisoning is still an overlooked diagnosis in fire v...

    Authors: Pia Lawson-Smith, Erik C Jansen and Ole Hyldegaard
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:14
    Content type: Review Published on:

  46. Children can be the only persons present in an emergency situation. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a first aid course for 4-5-year-old kindergarten children given by a first aid instructor and...

    Authors: Georg Bollig, Anne G Myklebust and Kristin Østringen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:13
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  47. Hypertonic saline hydroxyethyl starch (HH) has been recommended for first line treatment of hemorrhagic shock. Its effects on coagulation are unclear. We studied in vitro effects of HH dilution on whole blood ...

    Authors: Alexander A Hanke, Stephanie Maschler, Herbert Schöchl, Felix Flöricke, Klaus Görlinger, Klaus Zanger and Peter Kienbaum
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:12
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  48. Recent literature states that many necessary skills of CPR and first aid are forgotten shortly after certification. The purpose of this study was to determine the skill and knowledge decay in first aid in thos...

    Authors: Gregory S Anderson, Michael Gaetz and Jeff Masse
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:11
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  49. Prehospital advanced airway management, including prehospital endotracheal intubation is challenging and recent papers have addressed the need for proper training, skill maintenance and quality control for eme...

    Authors: Leif K Rognås and Troels Martin Hansen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:10
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  50. Radiocontrast agents are a type of medical contrast material used to improve the visibility of internal bodily structures in X-ray based imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) or radiography. Radi...

    Authors: Tomas Belzunegui, Clint Jean Louis, Laura Torrededia and Julio Oteiza
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19:9
    Content type: Case report Published on:

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Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine

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