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  1. Pain management in the pre-hospital setting remains a particular challenge for paramedics and emergency physicians, especially in children. This study evaluates the pre-hospital use and effect of analgesics in...

    Authors: Christine Eimer, Florian Reifferscheid, Philipp Jung, Marcus Rudolph, Tom Terboven, Florian Hoffmann, Ulf Lorenzen, Andrea Köser and Stephan Seewald
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2023 31:5
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  2. Prehospital vital sign documentation in paediatric patients is incomplete, especially in patients ≤ 2 years. The aim of the study was to increase vital sign registration in paediatric patients through specific...

    Authors: Vibe Maria Laden Nielsen, Morten Breinholt Søvsø, Torben Anders Kløjgård, Regitze Gyldenholm Skals, Alasdair Ross Corfield, Lars Bender, Hans Morten Lossius, Søren Mikkelsen and Erika Frischknecht Christensen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2023 31:4
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  3. The Scandinavian Neurotrauma Committee (SNC) has recommended the use of serum S100B as a biomarker for mild low-risk Traumatic brain injuries (TBI). This study aimed to assess the adherence to the SNC guidelin...

    Authors: Mohammed Faisal, Tomas Vedin, Marcus Edelhamre and Jakob Lundager Forberg
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2023 31:3
    Content type: Original Research Published on:

  4. Pain is one of the major prehospital symptoms in trauma patients and requires prompt management. Recent studies have reported insufficient analgesia after prehospital treatment in up to 43% of trauma patients,...

    Authors: Urs Pietsch, Henning Fischer, Christoph Alexander Rüst, Björn Hossfeld, Andreas Grünenfelder, Volker Wenzel and Roland Albrecht
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2023 31:2
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  5. Rapid identification and treatment of stroke is crucial for the outcome of the patient. We aimed to determine the performance of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) independently and in combination with the...

    Authors: Henriette S. Jæger, Ditte Tranberg, Karianne Larsen, Jan B. Valentin, Rolf A. Blauenfeldt, Sebastian Luger, Kristi G. Bache and Martin F. Gude
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2023 31:1
    Content type: Original Research Published on:

  6. The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECPR) in refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients is usually implemented in-hospital. As survival in ECPR patients is critically time-dependent,...

    Authors: Changle Song, Mark Dennis, Brian Burns, Sophie Dyson, Paul Forrest, Mahesh Ramanan, David Levinson and Emily Moylan
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:77
    Content type: Original Research Published on:

  7. Adequate training and preparation of medical first responders (MFRs) are essential for an optimal performance in highly demanding situations like disasters (e.g., mass accidents, natural catastrophes). The tra...

    Authors: Anke S. Baetzner, Rafael Wespi, Yannick Hill, Lina Gyllencreutz, Thomas C. Sauter, Britt-Inger Saveman, Stefan Mohr, Georg Regal, Cornelia Wrzus and Marie O. Frenkel
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:76
    Content type: Review Published on:

  8. In cerebrovascular accidents symptoms, laboratory results and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes can mimic acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and is subsumed as neurogenic stunned myocardium. So far, data regarding th...

    Authors: Josefin Grabert, Ulrich Heister, Andreas Mayr, Andrea Kirfel, Christian Staerk, Tobias Fleckenstein and Markus Velten
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:75
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  10. Rewarming from hypothermia is associated with severe complications, one of which is hypothermia-induced cardiac dysfunction. This condition is characterized by decreased cardiac output accompanied by increased...

    Authors: Anders Lund Selli, Adrina Kalasho Kuzmiszyn, Natalia Smaglyukova, Timofey Kondratiev, Ole-Martin Fuskevåg, Georg Sager and Erik Sveberg Dietrichs
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:73
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  11. Pre-hospital emergency medical teams can transfuse blood products to patients with suspected major traumatic haemorrhage. Common transfusion triggers based on physiological parameters have several disadvantage...

    Authors: J. E. Griggs, R. M. Lyon, M. Sherriff, J. W. Barrett, G. Wareham and E. ter Avest
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:72
    Content type: Original Research Published on:

  12. Aeromedical emergency retrieval services play an important role in supporting patients with critical and often life-threatening clinical conditions. Aeromedical retrieval services help to provide fast access t...

    Authors: Kuda Muyambi, Fergus Gardiner, Stephen Sollid, Per Kristian Hyldmo, Engida Yisma, Breeanna Spring, Per Bredmose, Martin Jones, Sandra Walsh, Zoe Schofield and Marianne Gillam
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:71
    Content type: Review Published on:

  13. Patients calling for an emergency ambulance and assessed as presenting with ‘unclear problem’ account for a considerable part of all emergency calls. Previous studies have demonstrated that these patients are ...

    Authors: Stine Ibsen, Karoline Bjerg Dam-Huus, Christian H. Nickel, Erika Frischknecht Christensen and Morten Breinholt Søvsø
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:70
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  14. Thoracic injuries are common among trauma patients. Studies on trauma patients with thoracic injuries have reported considerable differences in morbidity and mortality, and there is limited research on compari...

    Authors: Andrea Lundin, Shahzad K. Akram, Lena Berg, Katarina E. Göransson and Anders Enocson
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:69
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  15. Patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) are admitted to general hospitals (GHs) without neurosurgical services, but few studies have addressed the management of these patients. This stud...

    Authors: Shavin Rahim, Eivor Alette Laugsand, Even Hovig Fyllingen, Vidar Rao, Rabea Iris Pantelatos, Tomm Brostrup Müller, Anne Vik and Toril Skandsen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:68
    Content type: Original Research Published on:

  16. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. In Scandinavia, the epidemiology of pediatric head trauma is poorly documented. This study aimed to investigate ...

    Authors: Ali Al Mukhtar, Henrik Bergenfeldt, Marcus Edelhamre, Tomas Vedin, Per-Anders Larsson and Stefan Öberg
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:67
    Content type: Original Research Published on:

  17. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a novel imaging technology with the ability to assess microcirculatory impairment. We aimed to assess feasibility of performing HSI, a noninvasive, contactless method to assess m...

    Authors: Stephan Katzenschlager, Maximilian Dietrich, Franziska Peterstorfer, Katharina Manten, Maik von der Forst, Rouven Behnisch, Christine Leowardi, Alexander Studier-Fischer, Felix Nickel, Markus A. Weigand, Frank Weilbacher and Erik Popp
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:66
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  18. Early balanced transfusion is associated with improved outcome in haemorrhagic shock patients. This study describes the implementation and evaluates the safety of a whole blood transfusion program in a civilia...

    Authors: Geir Arne Sunde, Christopher Bjerkvig, Marit Bekkevold, Einar K. Kristoffersen, Geir Strandenes, Øyvind Bruserud, Torunn Oveland Apelseth and Jon-Kenneth Heltne
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:65
    Content type: Original Research Published on:

  19. Every year an emergency medical technician or paramedic treats and transports up to several hundred patients. Only some patients are acutely seriously ill, and a few of these show only discrete signs and sympt...

    Authors: Jesper A. Dyhring Petersen, Stig Nikolaj Blomberg, Freddy Lippert and Helle Collatz Christensen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:64
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  21. About two-thirds of the in-hospital deaths after out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) are a consequence of anoxic brain injuries, which are due to hypoperfusion of the brain during the cardiac arrests. Being...

    Authors: Anna Henningsson, Lukas Lannemyr, Oskar Angerås, Joakim Björås, Niklas Bergh, Johan Herlitz, Bengt Redfors and Peter Lundgren
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:62
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  22. Lower intubation first-pass success (FPS) rate is associated with physiological deterioration, and FPS is widely used as a quality indicator of the airway management of a critically ill patient. However, data ...

    Authors: Harry Ljungqvist, Jussi Pirneskoski, Anssi Saviluoto, Piritta Setälä, Miretta Tommila and Jouni Nurmi
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:61
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  23. Maxillofacial fractures can lead to massive oronasal bleeding; however, surgical hemostasis and packing procedures can be challenging owing to complex facial anatomy. Only a few studies investigated maxillofac...

    Authors: Fang-Chi Wu, Kuo-Shu Hung, Yu-Wen Lin, Kang Sung, Tsung-Han Yang, Chun-Hsien Wu, Chih-Jung Wang and Yi-Ting Yen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:60
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  24. Decompressive craniectomy (DC) and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring are common approaches to reduce the death rate of Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, but the outcomes of these patients are unfavor...

    Authors: Jian-Lan Zhao, Jie Song, Qiang Yuan, Yi-Feng Bao, Yi-Rui Sun, Zhi-Qi Li, Cai-Hua Xi, Hai-Jun Yao, Mei-Hua Wang, Gang Wu, Zhuo-Ying Du, Jin Hu and Jian Yu
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:59
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  25. Pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (POHCA) has received limited attention. All causes of POHCA and outcomes were examined during a 4-year period in a Danish nationwide register and prehospital medical re...

    Authors: Mathias Geldermann Holgersen, Theo W. Jensen, Niklas Breindahl, Julie L. B. Kjerulff, Sara H. Breindahl, Stig Nikolaj Fasmer Blomberg, Signe Amalie Wolthers, Lars Bredevang Andersen, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Søren Mikkelsen, Freddy Lippert and Helle Collatz Christensen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:58
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  26. The incidence of electric scooter (e-scooter) injuries has increased drastically in numerous countries after widespread availability of shared e-scooters. The economic impact on society from a broader perspect...

    Authors: Henri Vasara, Linda Toppari, Veli-Pekka Harjola, Kaisa Virtanen, Maaret Castrén and Arja Kobylin
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:57
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  27. To be able to help and save lives, laypersons are recommended to undergo first aid trainings. The aim of this review was to explore the variety of the elements of the measuring systems to assess the effects of...

    Authors: Sihvo Minna, Hiltunen Leena and Kärkkäinen Tommi
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:56
    Content type: Review Published on:

  28. Deaths due to injuries exceed 4.4 million annually, with over 90% occurring in low-and middle-income countries. A key contributor to high trauma mortality is prolonged trauma-to-treatment time. Earlier receipt...

    Authors: Krithika Suresh, Julia M. Dixon, Chandni Patel, Brenda Beaty, Deborah J. del Junco, Shaheem de Vries, Hendrick J. Lategan, Elmin Steyn, Janette Verster, Steven G. Schauer, Tyson E. Becker, Cord Cunningham, Sean Keenan, Ernest E. Moore, Lee A. Wallis, Navneet Baidwan…
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:55
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  29. Historically, resuscitation in traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) has been deemed futile. However, recent literature reports improved but varying survival. Current European guidelines emphasise the addressing of r...

    Authors: Daniel Ohlén, Magnus Hedberg, Paula Martinsson, Erik von Oelreich, Therese Djärv and Malin Jonsson Fagerlund
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:54
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  30. Handling emergency calls in French emergency medical call centres (EMCCs) can be challenging considering the frequent lack of relevant information. Tele-transmission device use in regular ambulances seems like...

    Authors: E. Magimel-Pelonnier, N. Marjanovic, R. Couvreur, B. Drugeon, O. Mimoz and J. Guenezan
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:53
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  31. In a two-tier Emergency Medical Services response system with ambulances and physician-staffed rapid response vehicles, both units are ideally dispatched simultaneously when a physician is needed. However, whe...

    Authors: Roselil Oelrich, Julie Samsoee Kjoelbye, Oscar Rosenkrantz and Charlotte Barfod
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:52
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  32. Many trauma patients have associated orthopaedic injuries at admission. The existing literature regarding orthopaedic trauma often focuses on single injuries, but there is a paucity of information that gives a...

    Authors: Tora Julie Slørdal, Guttorm Brattebø, Thomas Geisner and Målfrid Holen Kristoffersen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:51
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  33. A prehospital system where obvious futile cases may be terminated prehospitally by physicians may reduce unethical treatment of dying patients. Withholding treatment in futile cases may seem ethically sound bu...

    Authors: Mads Anders Rasmussen, Håvard Storsveen Moen, Louise Milling, Sune Munthe, Christina Rosenlund, Frantz Rom Poulsen, Anne Craveiro Brøchner and Søren Mikkelsen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:50
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  34. This study was designed to compare the outcomes of standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (STD-CPR) and combined chest compression and abdominal compression–decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CO-CPR)...

    Authors: Haishan Li, Chao Wang, Hongyuan Zhang, Fang Cheng, Shuang Zuo, Liyou Xu, Hui Chen and Xiaodong Wang
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:49
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  35. There are different prehospital triage systems, but no consensus on what constitutes the optimal choice. This heterogeneity constitutes a threat in a mass casualty incident in which triage is used during multi...

    Authors: Amir Khorram-Manesh, Frederick M. Burkle Jr., Johan Nordling, Krzysztof Goniewicz, Roberto Faccincani, Carl Magnusson, Bina Merzaai, Amila Ratnayake and Eric Carlström
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:48
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  36. Due to time-critical decision-making, physical strain and the uncontrolled environment, prehospital emergency management is frequently associated with high levels of stress in medical personnel. Stress has bee...

    Authors: Mathias Maleczek, Karl Schebesta, Thomas Hamp, Achim Leo Burger, Thomas Pezawas, Mario Krammel and Bernhard Roessler
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:47
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  37. Interprofessional teams contribute to patient safety during clinical care. However, little is known about how interprofessional teams manage and cope with critical incidents in the emergency department (ED). T...

    Authors: Jenny Milton, Annette Erichsen Andersson, N. David Åberg, Brigid M. Gillespie and Lena Oxelmark
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:46
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  38. Medical emergencies are complex and stressful, especially for the young and inexperienced. Cognitive aids (CA) have been shown to facilitate management of simulated medical emergencies by experienced teams. In...

    Authors: Timur Sellmann, Samer Alchab, Dietmar Wetzchewald, Joerg Meyer, Tienush Rassaf, Serge C. Thal, Christian Burisch, Stephan Marsch and Frank Breuckmann
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:45
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  39. Pre hospital emergency anaesthesia (PHEA) is a complex procedure with significant risks. First-pass intubation success (FPS) is recommended as a quality indicator in pre hospital advanced airway management. Pr...

    Authors: James Price, Kate Lachowycz, Alistair Steel, Lyle Moncur, Rob Major and Ed B. G. Barnard
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:44
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  40. Despite treatment advances, trauma laparotomy continuous to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Most of the literature originates from high volume centers, whereas patient characteristics a...

    Authors: Jakob Mejdahl Bentin, Emma Possfelt-Møller, Peter Svenningsen, Søren Steemann Rudolph and Martin Sillesen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:43
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  41. Alpine skiing rescues are challenging because of the mountainous environment and risks of cervical spine motion (CSM) induced during victims’ extrications (EXs) and downhill evacuations (DEs). The benefits of ...

    Authors: Guillaume Grenier, Marc-Antoine Despatis, Karina Lebel, Mathieu Hamel, Camille Martin and Patrick Boissy
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:42
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  42. Approximately 1.3 million people die each year globally as a direct result of motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). Following an MVC some patients will remain trapped in their vehicle; these patients have worse out...

    Authors: Tim Nutbeam, Rob Fenwick, Jason E. Smith, Mike Dayson, Brian Carlin, Mark Wilson, Lee Wallis and Willem Stassen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:41
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  43. The decision to not convey patients has become common in emergency medical services worldwide. A substantial proportion (12–51%) of the patients seen by emergency medical services are not conveyed by those ser...

    Authors: Erik Höglund, Agneta Schröder, Magnus Andersson-Hagiwara, Margareta Möller and Emma Ohlsson-Nevo
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:40
    Content type: Original Research Published on:

  44. Treating hemorrhaging patients with prehospital blood product transfusions (PHBT) narrows transfusion delays and potentially benefits the patient. We describe our initial experiences of PHBT in a ground-based ...

    Authors: Heidi Yliharju, Timo Jama and Hilla Nordquist
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:39
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  45. Fluid therapy in patients with suspected infection is controversial, and it is not known whether fluid treatment administered in the prehospital setting is beneficial. In the absence of evidence-based guidelin...

    Authors: Marie Egebjerg Jensen, Arne Sylvester Jensen, Carsten Meilandt, Kristian Winther Jørgensen, Ulla Væggemose, Allan Bach, Hans Kirkegaard and Marie Kristine Jessen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:38
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  46. Whether extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is indicated for patients with pulseless electrical activity (PEA) remains unclear. Pulmonary embolism with PEA is a good candidate for ECPR; however...

    Authors: Shinichi Ijuin, Akihiko Inoue, Satoshi Ishihara, Masafumi Suga, Takeshi Nishimura, Shota Kikuta, Haruki Nakayama, Nobuaki Igarashi, Shigenari Matsuyama, Tomofumi Doi and Shinichi Nakayama
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:37
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  47. Stroke recognition at the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) impacts the stroke treatment and thus the related health outcome. At the EMS Copenhagen 66.2% of strokes are detected by the Emergency Medical Dispatc...

    Authors: Mirjam Lisa Scholz, Helle Collatz-Christensen, Stig Nikolaj Fasmer Blomberg, Simone Boebel, Jeske Verhoeven and Thomas Krafft
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:36
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  48. Previous studies have shown variations in management routines for children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Sweden. It is unknown if this management has changed after the publication of the Scandinavian Ne...

    Authors: Fredrik Wickbom, Linda Persson, Zandra Olivecrona and Johan Undén
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:35
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  49. To develop emergency medical dispatch (EMD) centre prediction models with high sensitivity and satisfying specificity to identify high-priority patients and patients suitable for non-emergency care respectivel...

    Authors: Kristoffer Wibring, Markus Lingman, Johan Herlitz and Angela Bång
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:34
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  50. Patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are critically ill and show high mortality. Inter-hospital transfer of these patients has to be safe, with high survival rates during transport wi...

    Authors: Alexander Fuchs, Renate Schmucki, Lorenz Meuli, Pedro David Wendel-Garcia, Roland Albrecht, Robert Greif and Urs Pietsch
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2022 30:33
    Content type: Original research Published on:

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ISSN: 1757-7241