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  1. Intraosseous infusion (IOI) is recommended when intravenous access cannot be readily established in both pediatric and adult resuscitation. We evaluated the current use of IOI in Danish emergency departments (...

    Authors: Rune Molin, Peter Hallas, Mikkel Brabrand and Thomas Andersen Schmidt
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:37
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  2. We report the case of a 16 year old male who was the victim of a drive by shooting sustaining the rare but recognised complication of cardiovascular bullet embolism. He was seen as a trauma call in the emergen...

    Authors: Nicholas Greaves
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:36
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  3. Gun violence is on the rise in some European countries, however most of the literature on gunshot injuries pertains to military weaponry and is difficult to apply to civilians, due to dissimilarities in wound ...

    Authors: Philipp Lichte, Reiner Oberbeck, Marcel Binnebösel, Rene Wildenauer, Hans-Christoph Pape and Philipp Kobbe
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:35
    Content type: Review Published on:

  4. Metabolic changes after major trauma have a complex underlying pathophysiology. The early posttraumatic stress response is associated with a state of hyperinflammation, with increased oxygen consumption and en...

    Authors: Philip F Stahel, Michael A Flierl and Ernest E Moore
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:34
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  5. Damage of laryngeal mask airway and other supraglottic airway devices has always been a matter of concern. Although manufacturer recommends maximum 40 uses of LMA (and its congeners) but damage before 40 uses ...

    Authors: Manpreet Singh, Ritu Bharti and Dheeraj Kapoor
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:33
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  6. Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and carbon monoxide (CO) may be important components of smoke from fire accidents. Accordingly, patients admitted to hospital from fire accidents may have been exposed to both HCN and CO...

    Authors: Pia Lawson-Smith, Erik C Jansen, Linda Hilsted and Ole Hyldegaard
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:32
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  7. Immediate defibrillation is the decisive determinant of prognosis in patients suffering from cardiac/circulatory arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation (VF). Therefore, various national and international as...

    Authors: Christoph Hanefeld
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:31
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  8. Anaesthesiologists are airway management experts, which is one of the reasons why they serve as pre-hospital emergency physicians in many countries. However, limited data are available on the actual quality an...

    Authors: Stephen JM Sollid, Hans Morten Lossius and Eldar Søreide
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:30
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  9. Fluids are often given liberally after the return of spontaneous circulation. However, the optimal fluid regimen in survivors of cardiac arrest is unknown. Recent studies indicate an increased fluid requiremen...

    Authors: Bård E Heradstveit, Anne Berit Guttormsen, Jørund Langørgen, Stig-Morten Hammersborg, Tore Wentzel-Larsen, Rune Fanebust, Elna-Marie Larsson and Jon-Kenneth Heltne
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:29
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  10. Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) have been indicated as treatment for acute respiratory and/or cardiac failure. Here we describe our first year experience of in...

    Authors: Adriano Peris, Giovanni Cianchi, Simona Biondi, Manuela Bonizzoli, Andrea Pasquini, Massimo Bonacchi, Marco Ciapetti, Giovanni Zagli, Simona Bacci, Chiara Lazzeri, Pasquale Bernardo, Erminia Mascitelli, Guido Sani and Gian Franco Gensini
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:28
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  11. An interpretation of the metabolic response to injury in patients with severe accidental or surgical trauma is made. In the last century, various authors attributed a meaning to the post-traumatic inflammatory...

    Authors: Maria-Angeles Aller, Jose-Ignacio Arias, Alfredo Alonso-Poza and Jaime Arias
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:27
    Content type: Review Published on:

  12. Increasing age and significant pre-existing medical conditions (PMCs) are independent risk factors associated with increased mortality after trauma. Our aim was to review all trauma deaths, identifying the cau...

    Authors: Nicholas D Clement, Carole Tennant and Cyrus Muwanga
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:26
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  13. Training of lay first responder personnel situated closer to the potential victims than medical professionals is a strategy potentially capable of shortening the interval between collapse and start of cardiopu...

    Authors: Sverre Rørtveit and Eivind Meland
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:25
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  14. Despite significant medical advances and improvement in overall mortality rate following burn injury, the treatment of patients with extensive burns remains a major challenge for intensivists. We present a stu...

    Authors: Vittorio Pavoni, Lara Gianesello, Laura Paparella, Laura Tadini Buoninsegni and Elisabetta Barboni
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:24
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  15. Microgrants are a novel concept where small grants are used to facilitate research. The concept might have a place in developing emergency medicine research, especially in countries where emergency medicine is...

    Authors: Peter Hallas, Mikkel Brabrand and Lars Folkestad
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:23
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  16. Endotracheal intubation (ETI) has been considered an essential part of pre-hospital advanced life support. Pre-hospital ETI, however, is a complex intervention also for airway specialist like anaesthesiologist...

    Authors: Stephen JM Sollid, Hans Morten Lossius, Anders R Nakstad, Terje Aven and Eldar Søreide
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:22
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  17. To ensure the rapid and correct triage of patients in potential need of specialized treatment, Norwegian hospitals are expected to establish trauma teams with predefined criteria for their activation. The obje...

    Authors: Kristin T Larsen, Oddvar Uleberg and Eirik Skogvoll
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:21
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  20. Initiated by a clinical case of critical endotracheal tube (ETT) obstruction, we aimed to determine factors that potentially contribute to the development of endotracheal tube obstruction by its inflated cuff....

    Authors: Christian Hofstetter, Bertram Scheller, Sandra Hoegl, Martin G Mack, Bernhard Zwissler and Christian Byhahn
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:18
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  21. Injury severity measures are based either on the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) or the International Classification of diseases (ICD). The latter is more convenient because routinely collected by clinicians fo...

    Authors: Stefano Di Bartolomeo, Silvia Tillati, Francesca Valent, Loris Zanier and Fabio Barbone
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:17
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  22. Undressing the chest of a cardiac arrest victim may delay the initiation of chest compressions. Furthermore, expecting laypeople to undress the chest may increase bystander reluctance to perform cardiopulmonar...

    Authors: Rasmus B Mortensen, Christian B Høyer, Mathias K Pedersen, Peter G Brindley and Jens C Nielsen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:16
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  23. The inter-hospital transfer of patients is crucial to a well functioning trauma system, and the transfer process may serve as a quality indicator for regional trauma care. However, the assessment of the transf...

    Authors: Hans Morten Lossius, Thomas Kristiansen, Kjetil G Ringdal and Marius Rehn
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:15
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  24. Quality assessment of any trauma system involves the evaluation of the transferring patterns. This study aims to assess interfacility transfers in the absence of a formal trauma system setting and to estimate ...

    Authors: Stylianos Katsaragakis, Panagiotis G Drimousis, Eleftheria S Kleidi, Kostas Toutouzas, Eleftherios Lapidakis, Georgios Papadakis, Kritolaos Daskalakis, Andreas Larentzakis, Maria E Theodoraki and Dimitrios Theodorou
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:14
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  25. We describe a system of scenario-based training using simple mannequins under realistic circumstances for the training of pre-hospital care providers.

    Authors: Per P Bredmose, Karel Habig, Gareth Davies, Gareth Grier and David J Lockey
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:13
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  26. Calcium antagonist overdose can cause severe deterioration of hemodynamics unresponsible to treatment with beta adrenergic inotropes. The aim of the study was to evaluate in an experimental model the effects o...

    Authors: Jouni Kurola, Heli Leppikangas, Jarkko Magga, Leena Lindgren, Vesa Kiviniemi, Juha Rutanen and Esko Ruokonen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:12
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  27. High-grade blunt renal trauma has been treated by arterial embolization (AE). However, it is unknown whether AE preserves renal function, because conventional renal function tests reflect total renal function ...

    Authors: Seiji Morita, Sadaki Inokuchi, Tomoatsu Tsuji, Tomokazu Fukushima, Shigeo Higami, Takeshi Yamagiwa and Iizuka Shinichi
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:11
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  29. There is a lack of epidemiological knowledge on medical emergencies outside hospitals in Norway. The aim of the present study was to obtain representative data on the epidemiology of medical emergencies classi...

    Authors: Erik Zakariassen, Robert Anders Burman and Steinar Hunskaar
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:9
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  30. Patients referred to a medical admission unit (MAU) represent a broad spectrum of disease severity. In the interest of allocating resources to those who might potentially benefit most from clinical interventio...

    Authors: Mikkel Brabrand, Lars Folkestad, Nicola Groes Clausen, Torben Knudsen and Jesper Hallas
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:8
    Content type: Review Published on:

  31. A 48-year-old previously healthy woman suffered witnessed cardiac arrest in hospital. She achieved return of spontaneous circulation and was transferred to the intensive care unit. During the following 3 hours...

    Authors: Anders Rostrup Nakstad, Christian Eek, Dag Aarhus, Anne Larsen and Kristina Hermann Haugaa
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:7
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  32. Ureteral trauma is rare, accounting for less than 1% of all urologic traumas. However, a missed ureteral injury can result in significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this article is to review the l...

    Authors: Bruno MT Pereira, Michael P Ogilvie, Juan Carlos Gomez-Rodriguez, Mark L Ryan, Diego Peña, Antonio C Marttos, Louis R Pizano and Mark G McKenney
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:6
    Content type: Review Published on:

  34. The survival to discharge rate after unwitnessed, non-cardiac out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is dismal. We report the successful use of therapeutic hypothermia in a 26-year old woman with OHCA due to in...

    Authors: Michael Busch and Eldar Søreide
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:4
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  35. Advanced resuscitation skills training is an important and enjoyable part of medical training, but requires small group instruction to ensure active participation of all students. Increases in student numbers ...

    Authors: Thomas C Hughes, Zoeb Jiwaji, Kamaldeep Lally, Antonia Lloyd-Lavery, Amrit Lota, Andrea Dale, Robert Janas and Christopher JK Bulstrode
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:3
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  36. Therapeutic hypothermia has been proven to be effective in improving neurological outcome in patients after cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation (VF). Data concerning the effect of hypothermia treatm...

    Authors: Christian Storm, Jens Nee, Anne Krueger, Joerg C Schefold and Dietrich Hasper
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:2
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  37. Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been hard to assess due to the lack of standard definitions. Recently, the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss and End-Stage Kidney (RIFLE) classification has been proposed to classify AK...

    Authors: Ernestina Gomes, Rui Antunes, Cláudia Dias, Rui Araújo and Altamiro Costa-Pereira
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2010 18:1
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  38. Sepsis is an infection which has evoked a systemic inflammatory response. Clinically, the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) is identified by two or more symptoms including fever or hypothermia, ta...

    Authors: Pål Comstedt, Merete Storgaard and Annmarie T Lassen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:67
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  40. The induction of hypothermia for cellular protection is well established in several clinical settings. Its role in trauma patients, however, is controversial. This review discusses the benefits and complicatio...

    Authors: Tareq Kheirbek, Ashley R Kochanek and Hasan B Alam
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:65
    Content type: Review Published on:

  41. Blunt Traumatic Pericardial Rupture (BTPR) with resulting cardiac herniation following chest trauma is an unusual and often fatal condition. Although there has been a multitude of case reports of this conditio...

    Authors: Peter B Sherren, Robert Galloway and Marie Healy
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:64
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  42. An 80 years old man suffered a cardiac arrest shortly after arrival to his local health department. Basic Life Support was started promptly and nine minutes later, on evaluation by an Advanced Life Support tea...

    Authors: Mafalda Miranda, Pedro J Sousa, Jorge Ferreira, Maria J Andrade, Pedro A Gonçalves and Cristina Romão
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:63
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  43. Patients with severe pelvic fractures represent about 3% of all skeletal fractures. Hemodynamic compromise in unstable pelvic fractures is associated with arterial hemorrhage in less than 20% of patients. Angi...

    Authors: Igor Jeroukhimov, Itamar Ashkenazi, Boris Kessel, Vladimir Gaziants, Amir Peer, Alexander Altshuler, Vladimir Nesterenko, Ricardo Alfici and Ariel Halevy
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:62
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  44. Pain is a common condition among prehospital patients. The present study is designed to determine whether adding low-dose ketamine as additional analgesia improves the pain/nausea scores and hemodynamic parame...

    Authors: Patric Johansson, Poul Kongstad and Anders Johansson
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:61
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  45. Previous research shows that surgeon-performed ultrasound for patients presenting with abdominal pain in the emergency department leads both to higher diagnostic accuracy and to other benefits. We have evaluat...

    Authors: Anna Lindelius, Staffan Törngren, Laila Nilsson, Hans Pettersson and Johanna Adami
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:60
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  46. Trauma team training using simulation has become an educational compensation for a low number of severe trauma patients in 49 of Norway's 50 trauma hospitals for the last 12 years. The hospitals' own simple ma...

    Authors: Torben Wisborg, Guttorm Brattebø, Åse Brinchmann-Hansen and Kari Schrøder Hansen
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:59
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  47. Advanced airway management is a critical intervention that can harm the patient if performed poorly. The available literature on this subject is rich, but it is difficult to interpret due to a huge variability...

    Authors: Stephen JM Sollid, David Lockey and Hans Morten Lossius
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:58
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  48. In critical injury, the occurrence of increased oxidative stress or a reduced antioxidant status has been observed. The purpose of this study was to correlate the degree of oxidative stress, by measuring the o...

    Authors: Leonard T Rael, Raphael Bar-Or, Kristin Salottolo, Charles W Mains, Denetta S Slone, Patrick J Offner and David Bar-Or
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:57
    Content type: Original research Published on:

  50. Symptomatic heterotopic ossification (HO) in multiple trauma patients may lead to follow up surgery, furthermore the long-term outcome can be restricted. Knowledge of the effect of surgical treatment on format...

    Authors: Christian Zeckey, Frank Hildebrand, Philipp Mommsen, Julia Schumann, Michael Frink, Hans-Christoph Pape, Christian Krettek and Christian Probst
    Citation: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2009 17:55
    Content type: Original research Published on:

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ISSN: 1757-7241