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Table 3 Length of stay and use of ICU services

From: Psychoactive substances and previous hospital admissions, triage and length of stay in rural injuries: a prospective observational study

 

Bivariable panel (chi2), n (%)

Multivariable panel†, n (%)

Detected

Not detected

Total

p value

Missing

Odds ratio

Confidence interval

p value

Missing

Length of hospital stay

 > 12 h

 Alcohol*

124 (79)

459 (87.9)

583 (85.9)

0.005

5 (0.7)

0.59

0.33–1.05

0.071

138 (20.2)

 s-ethanol**

67 (72.8)

521 (88)

588 (86)

 < 0.001

0

0.48

0.25–0.90

0.026

136 (19.9)

 PMD***

96 (92.3)

492 (84.8)

588 (86)

0.043

1.72

0.58–5.07

0.328

 Illicit

21 (91.3)

567 (85.8)

588 (86)

0.758

N/A

  

 AUDIT- C ≥ 5

161 (82.1)

427 (87.5)

588 (86)

0.068

1.09

0.61–1.94

0.781

 > 24 h

 Alcohol*

91 (58)

319 (61.1)

410 (60.4)

0.479

5 (0.7)

1.08

0.69–1.68

0.751

138 (20.2)

 s-ethanol**

45 (48.9)

367 (62)

412 (60.2)

0.017

0

0.82

0.48–1.40

0.466

136 (19.9)

 PMD***

74 (71.2)

338 (58.3)

412 (60.2)

0.013

1.33

0.74–2.36

0.340

 Illicit

15 (65.2)

397 (60.1)

412 (60.2)

0.619

3.28

0.98–10.67

0.055

 AUDIT-C ≥ 5

103 (52.6)

309 (63.3)

412 (60.2)

0.009

1.12

0.73–1.72

0.617

 > 72 h

 Alcohol*

37 (23.6)

170 (32.6)

207 (30.5)

0.032

5 (0.7)

0.84

0.49–1.43

0.517

138 (20.2)

 s-ethanol**

20 (21.7)

189 (31.9)

209 (30.6)

0.048

0

0.99

0.50–1.93

0.965

136 (19.9)

 PMD***

40 (38.5)

169 (29.1)

209 (30.6)

0.057

1.50

0.86–2.62

0.150

 Illicit

9 (39.1)

200 (30.3)

209 (30.6)

0.364

3.31

1.09–10.08

0.035

 AUDIT-C ≥ 5

42 (21.4)

167 (34.2)

209 (30.6)

0.001

0.87

0.52–1.46

0.596

Admitted to intensive care unit

Alcohol*

77 (49)

257 (49.2)

334 (49.2)

0.967

5 (0.7)

0.91

0.60–1.36

0.633

138 (20.2)

s-ethanol**

45 (48.9)

291 (49.2)

336 (49.1)

0.965

0

0.90

0.55–1.47

0.672

136 (19.9)

PMD***

58 (55.8)

278 (47.9)

336 (49.1)

0.141

1.32

0.80–2.18

0.277

Illicit

11 (47.8)

325 (49.2)

336 (49.1)

0.899

0.98

0.37–2.64

0.973

AUDIT-C ≥ 5

90 (45.9)

246 (50.4)

336 (49.1)

0.288

0.99

0.66–1.47

0.952

ICU stay longer than 24 h

Alcohol*

10 (6.4)

29 (5.6)

39 (5.7)

0.701

5 (0.7)

1.11

0.48–2.58

0.802

138 (20.2)

s-ethanol**

6 (6.5)

35 (5.9)

41 (6)

0.819

0

1.59

0.61–4.12

0.339

136 (19.9)

PMD***

12 (11.5)

29 (5)

41 (6)

0.010

2.03

0.92–4.48

0.079

Illicit

5 (21.7)

36 (5.4)

41 (6)

0.009

6.33

1.79–22.32

0.004

AUDIT-C ≥ 5

6 (3.1)

35 (7.2)

41 (6)

0.041

0.30

0.10–0.92

0.035

  1. Table 3 shows associations between major substance groups, length of hospital stay and use of ICU services. Bivariable testing and multivariable testing is shown (corrected for sex, age and injury severity)
  2. *Ethanol in blood or self-reported use of alcohol during the 6 h prior to the incident. 5 (0.7%) participants missing in bivariable testing due to missing values for self-reported alcohol use. 138 (20.2%) patients missing from multivariable analysis due to limitations in coding of injury when adhering to the guidelines from the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Where no corresponding level of injury is described for available ICD-10 codes, no MAIS can be described. For all other variables (s-ethanol, PMD’s, illicit substances and AUDIT-C, no participants are missing from bivariable testing, but 136 (19.9%) from multivariable testing due to lack of MAIS value)
  3. **Serum-ethanol, ethanol identified in blood sample on arrival
  4. ***Psychoactive Medicinal Drugs.
  5. †corrected for sex, age and injury severity (MAIS)
  6. N/A: Not applicable
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Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine

ISSN: 1757-7241