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Table 5 Variables associated with significant high or low rates of HEMS-level intervention/drug/diagnostic (multivariate model)

From: Nine golden codes: improving the accuracy of Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) dispatch—a retrospective, multi-organisational study in the East of England

AMPDS category / n

Night (ref: day)

RRV (ref: helicopter)

Dispatch desk CCP (ref: no CCP)

Male (ref: female)

Age < 16 years (ref: 16–55 years)

Age > 55 years (ref: 16–55 years)

Adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

06—Breathing problems n = 493

ns

0.4 (0.3–0.6)

ns

ns

0.1 (0.1–0.3)

ns

07—Burns

n = 200

0.3 (0.1–0.6)

ns

ns

ns

0.5 (0.2–0.9)

0.4 (0.2–0.9)

09—Cardiac/respiratory n = 3128

ns

0.7 (0.6–0.8)

ns

1.2 (1.11.4)

0.6 (0.5–0.9)

1.3 (1.11.5)

10—Chest pain

n = 277

ns

0.3 (0.2–0.6)

ns

ns

ns

ns

12—Convulsions/fitting

n = 760

ns

ns

ns

1.4 (1.11.9)

0.5 (0.3–0.7)

ns

17—Falls

n = 1785

0.7 (0.6–0.9)

0.6 (0.5–0.8)

ns

ns

0.4 (0.3–0.6)

ns

27—Stab/gunshot

n = 549

ns

0.3 (0.2–0.4)

ns

ns

ns

ns

29—RTC

n = 3018

1.3 (1.01.5)

0.5 (0.4–0.6)

ns

1.5 (1.21.8)

ns

ns

30—Traumatic injuries

n = 786

0.5 (0.3–0.9)

0.6 (0.3–0.9)

ns

ns

0.6 (0.4–0.9)

1.4 (1.12.1)

31—Unconscious/fainting

n = 682

ns

0.7 (0.5–0.9)

ns

ns

0.1 (0.1–0.3)

ns

  1. HEMS Helicopter Emergency Medical Service, AMPDS Advanced Medical Priority Dispatch System, RRV rapid response vehicle, CCP critical care paramedic, ns not significant (p-value ≥ 0.05). An odds ratio < 1 is a reduced chance of the outcome (not highlighted bold); an odds ratio > 1 is an increased chance of the outcome (highlighted bold)