Table 1 Demographic data and management of patients with electrical injuries
All patients (n = 785) | Adults (n = 663) | Children (n = 122) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | |||
Male sex—no. (%) | 592/785 (75.4) | 511/663 (77.1) | 81/122 (66.4) |
Age—year, median (IQR)a | 30 (21–39) | 31 (25–42) | 5 (2–9) |
Medical history—no. (%) | |||
Cardiovascular risks factors (≧ 1) | 68/629 (10.8) | 68/545 (12.5) | 0/84 |
Diabetes | 10/629 (1.6) | 10/545 (1.8) | – |
Dyslipidaemia | 20/629 (3.2) | 20/545 (3.7) | – |
Smoking | 34/629 (5.4) | 34/545 (6.2) | – |
Hypertension | 15/629 (2.4) | 15/545 (2.8) | – |
Overweight | 7/629 (1.1) | 7/545 (1.3) | – |
Family history | 1/629 (0.2) | 1/545 (0.2) | – |
Cardiac history | 25/768 (3.3) | 23/649 (3.6) | 2/119 (1.7) |
Coronaropathy | 13/768 (1.7) | 13/649 (2.0) | 0 |
Heart arrhythmia | 9/768 (1.2) | 8/649 (1.2) | 1/119 (0.8) |
Valvulopathy | 3/768 (0.4) | 3/649 (0.5) | 0 |
Other (interventricular communication, …) | 6/768 (0.8) | 5/649 (0.8) | 1/119 (0.8) |
Type of electrical Injury—no. (%) | |||
Trauma context | |||
Workplace | 254/559 (45.4) | 254/464 (54.7) | 0 |
Domestic accident | 301/559 (53.8) | 232/464 (50.0) | 69/95 (100) |
Suicide attempt | 4/559 (0.7) | 4/464 (0.9) | 0 |
High voltage (> 1000Volts)—no. (%) | 55/568 (9.7) | 53/493 (10.8) | 2/75 (2.7) |
Transthoracic current—no. (%) | 273/459 (59.5) | 238/395 (60.3) | 35/64 (54.7) |
Symptoms—no. (%) | |||
Asymptomatica | 234/785 (29.8) | 203/663 (30.6) | 31/122 (25.4) |
Initial loss of consciousness | 38/754 (5.0) | 35/636 (5.5) | 3/118 (2.5) |
Burns | 99/756 (13.1) | 76/636 (11.9) | 23/120 (19.2) |
Second and third degree | 52/756 (6.9) | 35/636 (5.5) | 17/120 (14.2) |
TBSA ≦ 1% (second and third degree) | 44/728 (6.0) | 28/619 (4.5) | 16/109 (14.2) |
Chest pain | 80/744 (10.8) | 77/625 (12.3) | 3/119 (14.7) |
Headache and/or vertigo | 40/744 (5.4) | 37/625 (5.9) | 3/119 (14.7) |
Numbness of extremities | 69/744 (9.3) | 63/625 (10.1) | 6/119 (5.0) |
Association with traumatic injury | 95/744 (12.8) | 88/625 (14.1) | 7/119 (5.9) |
Initial HR—bpm*d | 80 ± 20.1 | 78 ± 17.3 | 103 ± 22.7 |
Initial systolic blood pressure—mmHg | 130 ± 17.3 | 131 ± 16.3 | 110 ± 12.3 |
Initial diastolic blood pressure—mmHg | 79 ± 11.6 | 80 ± 11 | 69 ± 11.8 |
Management | |||
ECG on admission | 756/785 (96.3) | 641/663 (96.7) | 115/122 (94.3) |
Abnormal ECG | 99/756 (13.1) | 91/641 (14.2) | 8/115 (7.0) |
Troponin assay | 533/785 (67.9) | 465/663 (70.1) | 68/122 (55.7) |
Elevated initial troponin | 17/533 (3.2) | 16/465 (3.4) | 1/68 (1.5) |
Second troponin assay | 197/533 (37.0) | 183/465 (39.4) | 14/68 (20.6) |
Troponin rise | 8/533 (1.5) | 8/465 (1.7) | 0/68 (0) |
Delay of the second assay—hs, median (IQR)b | 6 (4–11) | 6 (4–11) | 6 (4–12) |
Type of monitoring | |||
Scope < 6 h | 41/559 (7.3) | 38/489 (7.8) | 3/70 (4.3) |
Scope > 6 h and < 24 h | 125/559 (22.4) | 106/489 (21.7) | 19/70 (27.1) |
Scope > 24 h | 27/559 (4.8) | 26/489 (5.3) | 1/70 (1.4) |
ECG each 6 h without scope | 14/559 (2.5) | 13/489 (2.7) | 1/70 (1.4) |
ECG > 6 h without scope | 33/559 (5.9) | 28/489 (5.7) | 5/70 (7.1) |
Length of monitoring—hours, mean (SD)c | 15.5 ± 23 | 13.5 ± 23 | 24 ± 19 |
Hospitalisation | 420/715 (58.7) | 333/614 (54.2) | 87/101 (86.1) |
Intensive care unit | 103/715 (14.4) | 95/614 (15.5) | 8/101 (7.9) |
Short term hospitalisation unit | 182/715 (25.5) | 176/614 (28.7) | 7/101 (6.9) |
Conventional medical service | 65/715 (9.1) | 36/614 (5.9) | 28/101 (27.7) |
Discharge from the ED | 365/715 (51.0) | 330/614 (53.7) | 35/101 (34.7) |