Table 1 Clinical characteristics of 12 cases (10 reported cases and our 2 cases)
Author/ Year | Age | Sex | Injury mechanism | Thoracic spinal fracture as the bleeding source (site/ Fx type) | Other sites of injury | Initial hemodynamic status | Side of HTX | Drained volume of Right HTX (mL) | Intervention | Hemostatic technique | Deterioration during the transfer | Spinal fixation | Prognosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dalvie/ 2000 [8] | 28 | M | Traffic accident | T4 / dislocation | NR | NR | Bilateral | NR | Right thoracotomy | spinal fixation | Yes | Performed | Survived |
van Raaij/ 2000 [13] | 55 | F | Fall | T11 / Chance | Compression Fx (T10 & 12), chest, pelvis, limb | unstable | Right | 1500 | Right thoracotomy | bone wax, synthetic patch | NR | NR | Survived |
Lu/ 2010 [10] | 72 | F | Traffic accident | T11 / burst + T12 | NR | unstable | Bilateral | 1300 | Right thoracotomy | bone wax, gauze packing | NR | Performed | Survived |
Masteller/ 2012 [11] | 93 | M | Fall | T10–11 / burst | chest, L1–2 Fx | NR | Right | 1000 | Only thoracentesis. | – | NR | Not performed | Dead |
Masteller/ 2012 [11] | 71 | M | Transfer in OR | T11 / burst | none | unstable (CPA later) | Right | 3000 | Only thoracentesis. | – | NR | Not performed | Dead |
Okamoto/ 2018 [12] | 81 | M | Fall | T7 / Chance | NR | stable (unstable later) | Right | 1330 | Right thoracotomy | bone wax, coagulant sheet | NR | Performed | Survived |
Hirota/ 2019 [9] | 74 | F | Fall | T11 / Chance | none | unstable | Right | 1200 | Right thoracotomy | coagulant sheet | NR | Performed | Survived |
Kaneko/ 2000 [14] | 86 | F | Unclear | T6 / dislocation | NR | unstable | Right | 2000 | Right thoracotomy | argon beam, iliopsoas muscle flap | NR | Not performed | Dead |
Matsushita/ 2016 [16] | 67 | M | Hit by a lumber | T3 / dislocation | chest, T12 Fx (dislocation), limb | unstable | Bilateral | 2090 | Right thoracotomy | coagulant sheet | NR | Performed | Survived |
Haruta/ 2016 [15] | 78 | F | Traffic accident | T8 / reverse Chance | TBI, chest, liver, pelvis | unstable (CPA later) | Right | 1400 | Left thoracotomy followed by clamshell thoracotomy | gauze packing, coagulant sheet | NR | Not performed | Dead |
Our case | 81 | M | Traffic accident | T8 / burst | TBI, C5 Fx, chest, pelvis, limbs | unstable | Right | 1500 | Right thoracotomy | gauze packing | Yes | Not performed | Survived |
Our case | 64 | M | Fall | T7 / burst | TBI, chest, L1 Fx | stable (unstable later) | Right | 1300 | Right thoracotomy | gauze packing, bone wax, coagulant sheet | Yes | Performed | Survived |