Table 5 Analysis of obstacles that impeded dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Caller not beside the victim

340 (60.8%)

1082 (27.6%)

< 0.001

Caller not physically alongside the victim

190 (34.0%)

393 (10.0%)

< 0.001

Difficult access to the victim

168 (30.1%)

760 (19.4%)

< 0.001

Third party caller

62 (11.1%)

90 (2.3%)

< 0.001

Dangerous scene

29 (5.2%)

9 (0.2%)

< 0.001

Dispatcher can’t recognize the need for CPR

253 (45.3%)

1306 (33.3%)

< 0.001

Caller hanged up

16 (2.9%)

124 (3.2%)

0.706

Overly distraught

15 (2.7%)

124 (3.2%)

0.544

Dispatcher hanged up

12 (2.1%)

74 (1.9%)

0.673

Patient’s status changed

7 (1.3%)

97 (2.5%)

0.073

Caller is unable to perform CPR

4 (0.7%)

12 (0.3%)

0.129

Caller is unable to move the patient

4 (0.7%)

2 (0.1%)

0.003

CPR is already ongoing

2 (0.4%)

14 (0.4%)

1.000

Caller refused to perform CPR

1 (0.2%)

6 (0.2%)

0.606

Valid consent of Do-Not-Attempt-Resuscitate orders

0

0

–