Table 1 Patient characteristics
Overall | Not deteriorated | Deteriorated | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients [n (%)] | 359 (100) | 253 (70.5) | 106 (29.5) | – |
Demographics | ||||
Age [median (IQR)] | 63 (49; 71) | 60 (47; 70) | 66 (56; 74) | .001* |
Male [n (% of the group)] | 222 (61.8) | 149 (58.9) | 73 (68.9) | .076 |
Comorbidity | ||||
Number of comorbidities [median (IQR)] | 1 (0; 2) | 1 (0; 2) | 1 (1; 2) | .001* |
Cardiac disease [n (% of the group)] | 66 (18.4) | 37 (14.6) | 29 (27.4) | .004* |
COPD [n (% of the group)] | 23 (6.4) | 12 (4.7) | 11 (10.4) | .047* |
Diabetes [n (%of the group)] | 63 (17.5) | 34 (13.4) | 29 (27.4) | .002* |
Chronic kidney disease [n (% of the group)] | 43 (12.0) | 26 (10.3) | 17 (16.0) | .125 |
Chronic liver disease [n (% of the group)] | 30 (8.4) | 19 (7.5) | 11 (10.4) | .370 |
Organ transplant [n (% of the group)] | 96 (26.7) | 64 (25.3) | 32 (30.2) | .339 |
Malignancy [n (% of the group)] | 102 (28.4) | 77 (30.4) | 25 (23.6) | .189 |
None of the above [n (% of the group)] | 98 (27.3) | 81 (32.0) | 17 (16.0) | .002* |
Disease severity | ||||
Infection [n (% of overall)] | 82 (22.8) | 67 (81.7) | 15 (18.3) | .011* |
Sepsis [n (% of overall)] | 277 (77.2) | 186 (67.1) | 91 (32.9) | .011* |
Vital signs at ED admission | ||||
Heart rate (bpm) [median (IQR)] | 95 (83.0; 110.0) | 95.0 (82.0; 110.0) | 95.5 (83.0; 110.0) | .262 |
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) [median (IQR)] | 91.7 (83.3; 102.9) | 94.3 (86.3; 103.3) | 85.8 (73.4; 97.3) | <.001* |
Respiratory rate (/min) [median (IQR)] | 19.0 (16.0; 24.0) | 18.0 (16.0; 23.3) | 20.0 (17.0; 25.0) | .031* |
Body temperature (°C) [median (IQR)] | 37.8 (37.0; 38.6) | 37.8 (37.0; 38.6) | 38.0 (37.0; 38.8) | .564 |
Vital sign change | ||||
Heart rate (bpm) [median (IQR)] | −1.10 (−2.89; 0.00) | −1.14 (− 2.89; 0.00) | −0.90 (− 2.93; − 0.01) | .810 |
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) [median (IQR)] | − 0.97 (− 2.86; 0.57) | −0.91 (− 2.71; 0.50) | −1.18 (− 3.04; 0.84) | .833 |
Respiratory rate (/min) [median (IQR)] | − 0.07 (− 0.61; 0.58) | −0.09 (− 0.69; 0.61) | −0.07 (− 0.45; 0.56) | .427 |
Body temperature (°C) [median (IQR)] | −0.05 (− 0.17; 0.06) | −0.05 (− 0.17; 0.06) | −0.04 (− 0.17; 0.07) | .997 |
Vital sign variability | ||||
Heart rate (bpm) [median (IQR)] | 12.0 (7.0; 20.0) | 12.0 (7.0; 19.5) | 12.0 (7.0; 20.5) | .740 |
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) [median (IQR)] | 15.3 (9.7; 21.7) | 14.0 (8.9; 19.5) | 18.2 (12.6; 27.5) | <.001* |
Respiratory rate (/min) [median (IQR)] | 5.0 (2.0; 8.0) | 4.0 (2.0; 7.0) | 6.0 (3.0; 9.8) | .001* |
Body temperature (°C) [median (IQR)] | 0.7 (0.2; 1.1) | 0.7 (0.4; 1.1) | 0.7 (0.4; 1.2) | .512 |
Hospital admission | ||||
Length of stay (days) [median (IQR)] | 4.7 (0.7; 7.9) | 3.6 (0.2; 6.2) | 6.7 (4.1; 11.3) | <.001* |
Mortality | ||||
28-day [n (% of the group)] | 17 (4.7) | 4 (1.6) | 13 (12.3) | <.001* |
6-month [n (% of the group)] | 44 (12.3) | 24 (9.5) | 20 (18.9) | .013* |