Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies
From: A systematic review on the effectiveness of back protectors for motorcyclists
| Â | De Rome et al. 2011 [16] | Giustini et al. 2014 [17] |
|---|---|---|
Study design | Cross-sectional | Cross-sectional |
Study location and time | Australia, 2008 | Italy, 2011–2013 |
Sample size | 212 | 2,319 |
Participant identification | - Hospital records (60Â %) - Local crash repairers (36Â %) - Self-referred (4Â %) | Collaboration of the Italian National Institute of health with the National Traffic Police |
Data collection | Baseline | Baseline + 30d after hospitalisation |
Intervention | 1. Motorcycle jacket 2. Motorcycle gloves 3. Motorcycle pants 4. Motorcycle boots 5. Helmet 6. Motorcycle back protector (Foam insert in jacket & back armour) | 1. Hard-shell back protectors 2. Jacket or vest with an air bag 3. Uncertified Protective clothing; |
Outcome | Back/spine injuries | Spine fracture and spinal cord injury |