Table 6 Literature review of results of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and our results
No. of patients | Survival Rate, n (%) | Neurological Outcome, n (%) | Remark | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Kagawa et al. 2010 [1] | 39 | 30 day 5 (13) | CPC 1–2 4 (10) | Time interval from collapse to ECLS start, min (IQR); 59(45–65). Successful percutaneous cannulation (38/39; 97 %). Complications after ECLS; cannula site bleeding (23/39; 59 %), acute kidney injury (9/39; 23 %), leg malperfusion (8/39; 21 %), pneumonia (7/39; 18 %), sepsis (3/39; 8 %). |
Le Guen et al. 2011 [2] | 42 | 28 day 2 (4) | CPC 1–2 2 (4) | 24 h survival rate after ECLS (17/42; 40 %). 48 h survival rate after ECLS (5/42; 12 %). 28 day survival rate after ECLS (2/42; 4 %). |
Avalli et al. 2012 [3] | 18 | 28 day 1(5) | GOS ≥ 4 1 (5) | Survival rate of patients with OHCA (1/18; 5 %) lower than IHCA (11/24; 46 %). Low flow time of OHCA (77 min) longer than IHCA (55 min). Cannulation failure: two in OHCA (2/18; 11 %) In OHCA, complications ECMO; distal leg perfusion (4/18; Haneya22%), femoral leg lesion (2/18; 11 %). |
Haneya et al. 2012 [29] | 26 | Survival discharge 6 (23.1) | Forty patients (47 %) were successfully weaned and 29 patients (34 %) survived to hospital discharge. | |
Maekawa et al. 2013 [5] | 53 | 3 mon 15 (28.3) | CPC 1 or 2 at 3mon: 8 (15.1) | Survival rate at 3 months (15/53; 28.3 %) Complications after ECLS; cannulation site bleeding (17/52; 32.7 %), cannulation site infection (4/52; 7.7 %). Pupil diameter on hospital arrival may be associated with the neurologic outcome. |
Leick et al. 2013 [4] | 28 | 11 (39.3) | No check | Door to ECLS implantation time < 30 min → significantly improved the 30 day survival Complications after ECLS; bleeding (9/28; 32 %), lower limb ischemia (1/28; 3.6 %). |
Sakamoto et al. 2014 [30] | 260 | 32 (12.3) | ECPR 26 hospitals vs. non-ECPR 20 hospitals CPC 1–2 at 1 months: 12.3 vs. 1.5 % CPC 1–2 at 6 moths: 11.2 vs. 2.6 % | |
Stub et al. 2014 [31] | 9 | Survival discharge 3 (33.3) | CPC 1 or 2 at discharge 3 (33.3) | CHEER trial (11 with OHCA, 15 with IHCA) CPC score 1: 14/26 (54 %) collapse to initiation of ECMO: 56 min |
Our results | 23 | 30 day 10 (43.5) | CPC 1: 7 (30) CPC 4: 3 (13) | Door to ECMO team activation time < 10 min for refractory OHCA. Rapid and accurate ECMO implantation in the catheter laboratory. Complications after ECLS; cannulation site bleeding (3/23; 13 %). Oliguria may be a predictor for mortality. Brain CT just after ECMO and following brain imaging may be a predictor for neurologic outcome. |