Table 4 Reported risk factors and other variables important for decision making according to Scandinavian guidelines
Risk factors and other clinical findings and symptoms | Minimal injury | Mild injury | Moderate injury | Missing data or not classifiable | Overall |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 275 | N = 525 | N = 160 | N = 365 | N = 1325 | |
Risk factors from the Scandinavian Guidelines Ω | |||||
· Therapeutic anticoagulation or hemophilia | 12 (4.4) | 12 (2.3%) | 7 (4.4%) | 26 (7.1%) | 57 (4.3%) |
· Clinical suspicion of impression fracture or skull base fracture | 10 (3.6%) | 23 (4.4%) | 8 (5.0%) | 13 (3.6%) | 54 (4.1%) |
· Posttraumatic epileptic seizure | 1 (0.4%) | 5 (1.0%) | 5 (3.1%) | 5 (1.4%) | 16 (1.2%) |
· Shunt due to hydrocephalus | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (0.2%) |
· Multi-traumatized patient # | 112 (40.7%) | 105 (20.0%) | 42 (26.3%) | 9 (2.5%) | 268 (20.2%) |
Additional patient characteristics | |||||
· Severe headache, nausea or vomiting | 61 (22.2%) | 168 (32.0%) | 25 (15.6%) | 114 (31.2%) | 368 (27.8%) |
· Use of anti-platelet drugs | 17 (6.2%) | 20 (3.8%) | 20 (12.5%) | 51 (14.0%) | 108 (8.2%) |
· Living alone | |||||
Yes | 32 (11.6%) | 73 (13.9%) | 33 (20.6%) | 66 (18.1%) | 204 (15.4%) |
Missing data | 4 (1.5%) | 8 (1.5%) | 11 (6.9%) | 79 (21.6%) | 102 (7.7%) |
Clinical suspicion of alcohol/drug intoxication at presentation | |||||
· No | 209 (76.0%) | 354 (67.4%) | 92 (57.5%) | 121 (33.2%) | 776 (58.6%) |
· Yes | 27 (9.8%) | 128 (24.4%) | 50 (31.3%) | 25 (6.9%) | 230 (17.4%) |
· Unknown/missing data | 39 (14.2%) | 43 (8.2%) | 18 (11.3%) | 219 (60.0%) | 319 (24.1%) |