Table 5 EMS interventions in relation to assessed severity and age

Injury restriction, stabilisation

Spinal motion restriction (106)

339 (6.6)

62 (2.7)

251 (10.4)

< 0.001

265 (10.3)

72 (2.9)

< 0.001

Fracture stabilisation/reposition (113)

256 (5.0)

82 (3.6)

164 (6.8)

< 0.001

139 (5.4)

117 (4.6)

0.2

Bleeding control, advanced interventions (94)

9 (0.2)

2 (0.1)

4 (0.2)

0.7

7 (0.3)

2 (0.1)

0.2

Pressure dressing

218 (4.2)

107 (4.7)

84 (3.5)

0.036

120 (4.7)

94 (3.7)

0.093

Pelvic stabilisation

16 (0.3)

0 (0.0)

11 (0.5)

0.001

12 (0.5)

4 (0.2)

0.049

Cardiopulmonary resucitation

27 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

15 (0.6)

11 (0.4)

0.5

Needle Thoracostomy

6 (0.1)

0 (0.0)

3 (0.1)

0.3

5 (0.2)

1 (0.0)

0.2

Cricothyrotomy

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Medical treatment yes (80)

2,187 (42.4)

691 (30.3)

1,376 (56.9)

< 0.001

1,033 (40.0)

1,143 (45.2)

< 0.001

Opioids

1,229 (23.8)

340 (14.9)

859 (35.5)

< 0.001

539 (20.9)

688 (27.2)

< 0.001

Ketamine

305 (5.9)

35 (1.5)

258 (10.7)

< 0.001

115 (4.5)

189 (7.5)

< 0.001

Acetaminophen

567 (11.0)

252 (11.0)

296 (12.2)

0.2

246 (9.5)

319 (12.6)

< 0.001

Sedatives

419 (8.1)

66 (2.9)

338 (14.0)

< 0.001

182 (7.1)

236 (9.3)

0.003

NSAID

12 (0.2)

6 (0.3)

2 (0.1)

0.2

10 (0.4)

2 (0.1)

0.023

Tranexamic acid

15 (0.3)

1 (0.0)

10 (0.4)

0.009

10 (0.4)

4 (0.2)

0.12

Oxygen

395 (7.7)

37 (1.6)

338 (14.0)

< 0.001

112 (4.3)

282 (11.2)

< 0.001

Infusion

480 (9.3)

66 (2.9)

397 (16.4)

< 0.001

122 (4.7)

355 (14.0)

< 0.001

Other drugs

795 (15.4)

267 (11.7)

459 (19.0)

< 0.001

439 (17.0)

350 (13.8)

0.002