Table 3 Prehospital clinical observations regarding type of injury, vital signs and pain intensity in relation to assessed severity and median age
N = 5,2351 | Low acuity, N = 2,3151 | High acuity, N = 2,4281 | p-value2 | ≤ 63 yrs, N = 2,6131 | > 63 yrs, N = 2,5671 | p-value2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type of injury (132)3 | |||||||
Wound | 1,695 (33.2) | 742 (32.8) | 793 (33.1) | 0.8 | 829 (32.5) | 851 (33.9) | 0.3 |
Pressure ulcer | 22 (0.4) | 9 (0.4) | 13 (0.5) | 0.5 | 4 (0.2) | 18 (0.7) | 0.002 |
Closed fracture | 963 (18.9) | 250 (11.0) | 685 (28.6) | < 0.001 | 307 (12.0) | 655 (26.1) | < 0.001 |
Open fracture | 52 (1.0) | 8 (0.4) | 38 (1.6) | < 0.001 | 37 (1.5) | 15 (0.6) | 0.003 |
Dislocation | 237 (4.6) | 48 (2.1) | 181 (7.5) | < 0.001 | 125 (4.9) | 111 (4.4) | 0.4 |
Observered burn | 38 (0.7) | 14 (0.6) | 19 (0.8) | 0.5 | 31 (1.2) | 7 (0.3) | < 0.001 |
Hematoma/Swelling/ Bruising/Abrasion | 1,093 (21.4) | 543 (24.0) | 483 (20.1) | 0.002 | 510 (20.0) | 571 (22.7) | 0.018 |
Teeth injury | 35 (0.7) | 19 (0.8) | 13 (0.5) | 0.2 | 26 (1.0) | 9 (0.4) | 0.005 |
Oto/Rhino/Laryngeal/Orbital bleeding | 36 (0.7) | 16 (0.7) | 16 (0.7) | 0.9 | 24 (0.9) | 12 (0.5) | 0.050 |
Head bleeding | 7 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (0.3) | 0.032 | 2 (0.1) | 5 (0.2) | 0.3 |
Suspicion of internal bleeding | 5 (0.1) | 1 (0.0) | 4 (0.2) | 0.4 | 0 (0.0) | 5 (0.2) | 0.030 |
Other injury/unharmed | 1,719 (33.7) | 908 (40.1) | 604 (25.2) | < 0.001 | 996 (39.1) | 704 (28.0) | < 0.001 |
Vital signs | |||||||
Respiratory rate/min (803) | 18 (15,22) | 18 (15,20) | 18 (15,24) | < 0.001 | 18 (15,22) | 18 (15,22) | 0.5 |
Pulse rate/min (628) | 85 (66,110) | 85 (67,106) | 84 (65,110) | 0.4 | 89 (70,112) | 80 (64,104) | < 0.001 |
Oxygen saturation % (651) | 97 (93,100) | 98 (95,100) | 97 (92,99) | < 0.001 | 98 (95,100) | 96 (92,99) | < 0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure mm/hg (937) | 140 (110,170) | 140 (112,170) | 140 (110,171) | 0.5 | 130 (110,160) | 142 (115,180) | < 0.001 |
Body temperature ℃ (1615) | 36.8 (36.0,37.5) | 36.9 (36.0,37.5) | 36.8 (36.0,37.5) | < 0.001 | 36.8 (36.0,37.5) | 36.8 (36.0,37.5) | 0.3 |
Glasgow coma scale (1209) | 15 (15,15) | 15 (15,15) | 15 (15,15) | < 0.001 | 15 (15,15) | 15 (15,15) | 0.7 |
Blood glucose mmol/L (3778) | 7.0 (5.1,11.4) | 6.6 (4.9,10.8) | 7.1 (5.2,11.5) | < 0.001 | 6.3 (4.8,9.6) | 7.4 (5.4,11.8) | < 0.001 |
Pain yes (381) | 3,636 (74.9) | 1,568 (71.6) | 1,893 (82.4) | < 0.001 | 1,754 (73.1) | 1,864 (77.1) | 0.001 |
Pain level NRS (4310) | 0.002 | < 0.001 | |||||
0–3 | 282 (30.5) | 110 (34.9) | 165 (27.7) | 90 (23.3) | 192 (35.8) | ||
4–6 | 247 (26.7) | 95 (30.2) | 149 (25.0) | 100 (25.8) | 146 (27.2) | ||
7–10 | 396 (42.8) | 110 (34.9) | 282 (47.3) | 197 (50.9) | 199 (37.1) |