Table 3 Univariate analysis between patients with TBI and control patients at the PER-operative phase regarding conventional echocardiography
From: Myocardial function at the early phase of traumatic brain injury: a prospective controlled study
Variables | TBI cohort n = 20 patients | PER-operative control n = 20 patients |
|---|---|---|
Global systolic function | ||
LVEF (%) (Simpson biplan method) | 61 [56–76] | 62 [52–70] |
Fractional shortening ratio (%) | 37 [22–54] | 38 [26–52] |
LVEF (%) (Teicholz method) | 65 [50–85] | 69 [51–83] |
Stroke volume (mL) | 67 [41–103] | 61 [46–71] |
Cardiac output (L/min) | 4.4 [2.7–7.3] | 4.7 [2.6–6.5] |
Peak Sm (cm/s) | 13 [8–20] | 12 [7–17] |
Global diastolic function | ||
Peak E velocity (cm/s) | 69 [44–100] | 77 [56–106] |
Peak A velocity (cm/s) | 59 [29–90] | 54 [30–109] |
Peak E/A ratio | 1.08 [0.67–2.44] | 1.38 [0.84–2.40] |
Peak Em (cm/s) | 13 [6–24] | 15 [9–24] |
Isovolumic relaxation time (msec) | 125 [84–178] | 107 [83–141]* |
E/Em ratio | 4.8 [2.4–8.1] | 5.3 [2.8–8.8] |
Systemic vascular resistance index (dyn/s/cm5/m2) | 2518 [1832–3955] | 2341 [1030–3155] |
Morphological parameters | ||
Left Atrial diameter (mm) | 29 [19–36] | 30 [23–36] |
Left Ventricular end-diastolic volume (mL) | 102 [66–156] | 101 [82–132] |
Left Ventricular end-systolic volume (mL) | 37 [22–67] | 39 [27–61] |
Right ventricular diameter and function | ||
Right Ventricular end-diastolic diameter (mm) | 22 [14–29] | 23 [21–26] |
Peak S’m (cm/s) | 14 [8–19] | 14 [11–18] |
Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (mm) | 23 [18–39] | 24 [17–29] |
Pulmonary acceleration time (msec) | 152 [89–188] | 138 [94–183] |