Time course of soluble P-selectin and von Willebrand factor levels in trauma patients: a prospective observational study

Table 1 Patients stratified by presence of coagulopathy

	Total	Coagulopathy	Non-coagulopathy	P value
	(n = 82)	(n = 37)	(n = 45)
Age (y)	45.3 ± 8.2	47.2 ± 7.1	41.5 ± 5.9	0.419
Male, n (%)	54 (65.9%)	26 (70.3%)	28 (62.2%)	0.490
Blunt trauma	79 (96.3%)	35 (94.6%)	44 (97.8%)	0.550
Type of trauma
Cerebral	18	8	10
Extremities	2	0	2
Abdominal	6	1	5
Thoracic	10	3	7
Multi trauma	43	24	19
Other	3	1	2
ISS	27.6 ± 2.2	33.8 ± 3.5	23.3 ± 1.8	0.003
30-day mortality, n (%)	17 (20.7%)	13 (35.1%)	4 (8.9%)	0.004
Laboratory analyses on admission
sPsel (NR: 20–44 ng/mL)	54.8 ± 22.6	49.4 ± 26.0	59.5 ± 18.2	0.044
VWF (NR: 66–176%)	224.1 (198.3-245.1)	205.8 (135.5-231.1)	244.2 (199.2-247.2)	0.014
PTR (NR: 0.88-1.12)	1.18 (1.07-1.56)	1.68 (1.41-1.74)	1.08 (1.05-1.13)	<0.001
Protein C (NR: 70–130%)	76.7 ± 38.8	48.0 ± 19.1	101.5 ± 34.2	<0.001
Factor VII (NR: 55–170%)	74.4 ± 37.0	46.0 ± 24.2	98.9 ± 27.5	<0.001
Hemoglobin (NR: 110-160 g/L)	101.1 ± 29.9	90.3 ± 29.4	109.8 ± 27.6	0.022
Glucose	8.39 ± 2.78	8.86 ± 3.15	8.09 ± 2.38	0.411
(NR: 4.11-6.05 mmol/L)
Transfusions in units for the first day
PLTC	1.5 (1.0-2.0)	1.5 (1.0-2.0)	0
PLTC	(n = 5)	(n = 5)	0
FFP	3.5 (2.5-7.0)	4.0 (3.0-7.5)	2 and 4 units	0.230
FFP	(n = 9)	(n = 7)	(n = 2)	0.230
PRBC	2.5 (1.5-4.0)	2 and 2 units	2.5 (1–4.5)	0.315
	(n = 13)	(n = 2)	(n = 11)

Frequencies are given as count with percentage and were compared by the chi-square test. Transfusions (units) and admission VWF and PTR levels are given as medians (interquartile range) and were compared by the Mann–Whitney U test. Levels of other parameters, age, and ISS are given as means ± standard deviations and were compared by Student’s t test. ISS Injury Severity Score, NR normal range, PLTC platelet concentrates, FFP fresh frozen plasma, PRBC packed red blood cells.

ISSN: 1757-7241