Table 1 Patients’ baseline characteristics
Intervention group (n = 26) | Control group (n = 25) | |
|---|---|---|
Age, [y] mean (SD) | 50 (16) | 44 (18) |
Female sex, n (%) | 6 (23%) | 7 (28%) |
ISS ≥ 16, n (%) | 2 (8%) | 2 (8%) |
Trauma mechanism, n (%) | ||
Fall from height ≤ 3 m | – | 2 (8%) |
Fall from height > 3 m | 9 (34.6%) | 3 (12%) |
Car accident ≤ 100 km/h | 6 (23.1%) | 7 (28%) |
Car accident > 100 km/h | 6 (23.1%) | 5 (20%) |
Motorcycle accident | 3 (11.5%) | 5 (20%) |
Penetrating trauma | – | 1 (4%) |
Other | 2 (7.7%) | 1 (4%) |
Vital parameters on admission, mean (SD) | ||
SpO2 [%] | 98 (1) | 98 (2) |
Heart rate [1/min] | 79 (13) | 86 (14) |
Capillary refill time [s] | 2 (1) | 2 (1) |
Blood pressure, systolic [mmHg] | 138 (18) | 144 (15) |
Temperature [°C] | 36.8 (0.5) | 36.7 (0.5) |
GCS | 15 (0) | 15 (0) |
ISS | 7 (5) | 5 (5) |
Blood gas analysis on admission, mean (SD) | ||
pH | 7.36 (0.05) | 7.38 (0.06) |
Base excess [mmol/l] | − 1.28 (2.52) | − 1.25 (2.18) |
Hemoglobin [g/dl] | 13.53 (1.83) | 13.65 (0.94) |
Lactate [mg/dl] | 15.67 (6.11) | 16.61 (6.77) |
Diagnostics, n (%) | ||
Ultrasound | 26 (100%) | 25 (100%) |
X-ray | 5 (19.2%) | 3 (12%) |
CT scan | 24 (92.3%) | 21 (84%) |