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Table 2 Comparison of survivors and nonsurvivors

From: Effectiveness of protocolized management for patients sustaining maxillofacial fracture with massive oronasal bleeding: a single-center experience

 

Survivors, n = 36

Nonsurvivors, n = 13

P

Male

29 (81)

10 (77)

 > 0.999

Age: median (IQR), y

33 (19–59)

29 (18–50)

0.454

Mechanism of injury

0.606

 Fall

5 (14)

1 (8)

 > 0.999

 Traffic accident

27 (75)

12 (92)

0.253

 Others

4 (11)

0 (0)

0.562

SBP

 < 0.001

 ≥ 90

34 (94)

5 (38)

 

 < 90

2 (6)

8 (62)

 

GCS score

0.003

 3–8

18 (50)

13 (100)

 

 9–12

3 (8)

0 (0)

 

 13–15

15 (42)

0 (0)

 

Emergency airway management

28 (78)

13 (100)

0.09

Emergency surgical airway

3 (8)

3 (23)

0.321

ISS: median(IQR)

29 (19–48)

50(43–57)

 < 0.001

 Head AIS > 3

12 (33)

12 (92)

 < 0.001

 Chest AIS > 3

7 (19)

5 (39)

0.259

 Abdomen AIS > 3

0 (0)

0 (0)

NULL

 Extremity AIS > 3

1 (3)

0 (0)

 > 0.999

CPR

3 (8)

11 (85)

 < 0.001

Intracranial vascular injury

2 (6)

3 (23)

0.109

Skull base fracture

23 (64)

13 (100)

0.011

Intervention: angiography

22 (61)

12 (92)

0.043

PRBC within 24 h after arrival at ED: median (IQR), units

6 (2–12)

18 (13–22)

0.001

ICU admission rate

25 (69)

12 (92)

0.142

Length of stay: median (IQR)

20 (12–31)

5 (1–9)

 < 0.001

Pre-injury antiplatelets use

1 (3)

0 (0)

0.735

  1. IQR interquartile range; Traffic accidents include car, motorcycle, or bicycle accidents