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Table 3 Factors associated with one or more limitations of treatment

From: Limitation of life-sustaining treatment and patient involvement in decision-making: a retrospective study of a Danish COVID-19 patient cohort

 

Limitations. Yes

Limitations. No

p valuec

n = 86a

%

n = 363a,b

%

Gender

     

 Female

31

(36)

162

(45)

0.15

 Male

55

(64)

201

(55)

 

Age

     

 < 70 years

6

(7)

232

(64)

< 0.001

 70+ years

80

(93)

131

(36)

 

BMId

     

 < 18.5

5

(7)

3

(1)

0.007

 18.5–25

30

(43)

75

(32)

 

 > 25–30

19

(28)

73

(31)

 

 > 30

15

(22)

81

(34)

 

Comorbidities

     

 None

0

(0)

58

(25)

< 0.001

 One comorbidity

7

(14)

63

(27)

 

 Two comorbidities

17

(33)

78

(33)

 

 > Two comorbidities

27

(53)

37

(16)

 

Clinical frailty scalee

     

 1–2

3

(4)

285

(90)

< 0.001

 3–5

49

(65)

27

(9)

 

 6–9

24

(32)

4

(1)

 

Walking function

     

 No aids

17

(20)

332

(94)

< 0.001

 Walk with aid

58

(69)

19

(5)

 

 No walking function

9

(11)

1

(0.5)

 

Living conditions

     

 Live at homef

59

(69)

339

(97)

< 0.001

 Live in care facilities

18

(21)

3

(1)

 

 Other

8

(9)

9

(3)

 
  1. aDifferent n in individual variables due to missing data
  2. bTwenty-seven of 390 patients were excluded from the analysis due to lack of disclosure of the level of life-sustaining treatment
  3. cChi-square test
  4. dBody mass index
  5. eClinical frailty scale: 1:Very fit; 2:Well; 3:Managing well; 4:Vulnerable; 5:Mildly Frail; 6: Moderately frail; 7:Severly frail; 8:Very severely frail; 9:Terminally ill
  6. fAlone or with someone