Table 6 Cochrane Library Search Strategy

#1. (infant* or newborn* or child* or "preschool child*" or juvenile* or preschool* or adolescent* or pediatric* or paediatric* or "young people" or "young person"):ti,ab,kw

#2. MeSH descriptor: [Child] explode all trees

#3. MeSH descriptor: [Adolescent] explode all trees

#4. MeSH descriptor: [Infant] explode all trees

#5. MeSH descriptor: [Pediatrics] explode all trees

#6. #1 or #2 or #3 or #4 or #5

#7. (ambulance* or "transportation of patient*" or "emergency service*" or "emergency medical service*" or EMS or "emergency health service*" or "prehospital care" or prehospital* or pre-hospital* or "out of hospital" or "out of hospital care" or "emergency medicine" or "pediatric emergency medicine" or "paediatric emergency medicine" or "emergency responder*" or "first responder*" or "emergency medical technician*" or "emergency technician*" or "emergency practitioner*" or " emergency medical practitioner*" or "emergency care practitioner*" or EMT or "rescue personnel*" or "emergency nurse*" or paramedic*):ti,ab,kw

#8. MeSH descriptor: [Emergency Medical Services] explode all trees

#9. MeSH descriptor: [Ambulances] in all MeSH products

#10. MeSH descriptor: [Emergency Medicine] explode all trees

#11. MeSH descriptor: [Emergency Medical Technicians] explode all trees

#12. MeSH descriptor: [Emergency Nursing] explode all trees

#13. #7 or #8 or #9 or #10 or #11 or #12

#14. ("pain management*" or "pain treatment*" or "pain intervention*" or analgesi* or analgaesi* or "analgetic agent*" or "analgesic drug*" or anodynes or antinociceptive or NSAIDs or paracetamol or ketamine or fentanyl or "nitrose oxide" or methoyloxine or morphine or opoid or non-opoid or narcotics or non-narcotics or "regional nerve block*" or "per oral" or peroral or intravanous or "intra venous" or IV or intramuscular or "intra muscular" or "intra nasal" or intranasal or inhalational or "pain reduction" or "pain relief" or oligoanalgesia or "pain intensity" or "pain assessment" or "pain measurement" or effectiveness or "effect management" or "side effect*" or "adverse effect*" or "adverse event*"):ti,ab,kw

#15. MeSH descriptor: [Pain Management] explode all trees

#16. MeSH descriptor: [Analgesia] explode all trees

#17. MeSH descriptor: [Analgesics] explode all trees

#18. MeSH descriptor: [Nerve Block] explode all trees

#19. MeSH descriptor: [Fentanyl] explode all trees

#20. MeSH descriptor: [Ketamine] explode all trees

#21. MeSH descriptor: [Morphine] in all MeSH products

#22. MeSH descriptor: [Acetaminophen] explode all trees

#23. MeSH descriptor: [Drug Administration Routes] explode all trees

#24. MeSH descriptor: [Pain Measurement] explode all trees

#25. #14 or #15 or #16 or #17 or #18 or #19 or #20 or #21 or #22 or #23 or #24

#26. #6 and #13 and #25

#27. #6 and #13 and #25 with Cochrane Library publication date from Jan 2000 to Dec 2020