Table 3 Variation in safety culture domain scores between the respondent’s characteristic
|  | Safety climate a = 0.810 | Teamwork climate a = 0.821 | Perceptions of management a = 0.726 | Stress recognition a = 0.689 | Working conditions a = 0.660 | Job satisfaction a = 0.851 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (standard deviation) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Total (n = 327) | 60.04 (18.40) | 60.95 (18.40) | 56.19 (22.10) | 64.62 (18.40) | 53.40 (20.30) | 70.26 (19.42) |
Gender (n = 324) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
 Female (161) | 59.23 (18.11) | 60.43 (17.37) | 58.15 (20.86) | 66.61 (17.86) | 53.42 (21.37) | 70.99 (18.18) |
 Male (163) | 60.71 (18.79) | 61.17 (19.31) | 54.33 (23.11) | 62.85 (20.69) | 54.33 (23.11) | 69.45 (20.65) |
Age (n = 273) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
 ≤ 25 years (23) | 64.60 (13.79) | 62.32 (14.18) | 54.62 (19.24) | 69.57 (14.99) | 52.67 (17.64) | 71.52 (15.11) |
 26–30 years (78) | 57.69 (17.90) | 60.04 (17.59) | 58.57 (20.42) | 62.58 (19.88) | 51.84 (19.92) | 71.03 (16.74) |
 31–35 years (71) | 57.75 (19.22) | 59.27 (17.27) | 53.87 (20.13) | 65.05 (17.60) | 52.11 (20.15) | 67.75 (19.49) |
 36–40 years (53) | 58.76 (18.30) | 61.40 (19.87) | 52.59 (22.41) | 67.57 (22.44) | 52.48 (23.04) | 68.21 (22.41) |
 41–45 years (30) | 62.86 (18.68) | 62.64 (17.80) | 53.54 (25.93) | 66.04 (17.96) | 55.63 (18.01) | 70.50 (17.63) |
 ≥ 46 years (18) | 63.29 (22.25) | 56.25 (21.87) | 59.72 (24.65) | 61.11 (24.96) | 56.25 (22.38) | 70.83 (21.09) |
Education level (n = 327) | NS | p = 0.009 | NS | NS | NS | p = 0.021 |
 Master’s (50) | 56.92 (19.70) | 53.75 (20.40) | 51.13 (22.75) | 66.00 (20.95) | 52.13 (20.07) | 63.80 (20.57) |
 Bachelor’s (225) | 59.92 (18.33) | 61.69 (17.88) | 56.67 (22.30) | 65.75 (18.65) | 52.69 (20.01) | 70.80 (19.33) |
 Vocational (46) | 64.83 (16.72) | 66.49 (16.03) | 60.46 (20.16) | 58.29 (20.84) | 57.74 (22.25) | 75.76 (16.05) |
 Other (6) | 53.57 (18.49) | 50.69 (20.31) | 47.92 (17.97) | 59.37 (19.26) | 57.29 (16.96) | 61.67 (24.63) |
Working experience (n = 327) | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
 ≤ 5 years (110) | 62.18 (16.59) | 62.84 (15.76) | 59.89 (21.07) | 66.48 (18.66) | 51.88 (19.07) | 73.95 (14.89) |
 6–10 years (113) | 57.78 (19.50) | 61.69 (19.29) | 56.14 (20.85) | 62.50 (20.20) | 55.59 (20.16) | 69.25 (21.44) |
 11–15 years (53) | 59.30 (17.33) | 55.82 (19.05) | 49.88 (22.38) | 64.74 (20.59) | 50.35 (19.59) | 64.62 (20.96) |
 > 15 years (51) | 61.20 (20.47) | 60.54 (20.44) | 54.90 (25.47) | 65.19 (18.21) | 55.02 (23.59) | 70.39 (20.61) |
Position type (n = 325) | NS | NS | NS | NS | p = 0.032 | NS |
 Advanced level (264) | 59.02 (18.96) | 60.21 (18.66) | 55.75 (22.14) | 65.63 (19.22) | 52.18 (20.45) | 69.45 (20.11) |
 Basic level (61) | 64.29 (15.50) | 63.93 (17.31) | 57.79 (22.35) | 60.25 (20.19) | 58.50 (19.20) | 73.61 (16.10) |
Employment status (n = 327) | p = 0.020 | NS | p = 0.037 | NS | NS | NS |
 Full-time (295) | 59.23 (18.47) | 60.52 (18.52) | 55.36 (22.06) | 64.96 (19.32) | 52.82 (20.42) | 69.68 (19.72) |
 Part-time (32) | 67.52 (16.08) | 64.84 (16.96) | 63.87 (21.34) | 61.52 (20.58) | 58.79 (18.57) | 75.63 (15.75) |
Shift type (n = 327) | NS | p = 0.011 | p = 0.001 | NS | NS | p = 0.008 |
 24-h shifts (131) | 61.64 (18.89) | 64.53 (19.24) | 61.50 (23.59) | 64.27 (19.24) | 54.91 (21.41) | 73.74 (20.01) |
 Two shift (181) | 59.18 (18.21) | 58.63 (17.80) | 52.45 (20.11) | 63.16 (19.72) | 52.52 (19.96) | 67.98 (18.91) |
 Mix (24 h + 12 h and/or 8 h) (15) | 56.43 (16.04) | 57.50 (15.12) | 55.00 (23.76) | 73.33 (16.61) | 50.83 (13.34) | 67.33 (16.78) |
Affiliation (n = 327) | NS | NS | p = 0.008 | NS | p = 0.002 | NS |
 Health care district (161) | 59.58 (18.01) | 59.16 (18.12) | 52.68 (22.13) | 65.92 (17.51) | 49.57 (20.01) | 68.11 (19.46) |
 Rescue department (119) | 59.54 (18.84) | 63.06 (18.31) | 58.25 (21.40) | 64.34 (21.77) | 58.66 (19.88) | 72.90 (18.67) |
 Private (47) | 62.84 (18.73) | 61.70 (19.32) | 63.03 (21.96) | 60.90 (19.35) | 53.19 (19.76) | 70.96 (20.68) |
Catchment area for highly responsive care (n = 327) | p = 0.023 | p = 0.006 | p = 0.000 | NS | p = 0.012 | p = 0.002 |
 Helsinki University Hospital (112) | 62.56 (18.06) | 59.44 (19.07) | 53.07 (23.22) | 65.85 (19.39) | 52.79 (19.97) | 69.06 (20.41) |
 Turku University Hospital (41) | 59.58 (20.87) | 64.23 (17.20) | 59.76 (21.65) | 66.62 (19.04) | 52.74 (24.61) | 74.51 (19.33) |
 Tampere University Hospital (50) | 57.71 (18.17) | 59.33 (18.63) | 61.38 (20.31) | 66.00 (21.32) | 50.50 (18.07) | 69.70 (21.01) |
 Kuopio University Hospital (63) | 54.54 (16.18) | 56.75 (14.73) | 45.44 (17.93) | 59.62 (18.23) | 50.10 (17.19) | 64.84 (15.63) |
 Oulu University Hospital (61) | 63.29 (18.59) | 67.14 (19.75) | 66.39 (19.97) | 65.06 (19.17) | 60.76 (21.23) | 75.65 (18.49) |