Primary versus early secondary referral to a specialized neurotrauma center in patients with moderate/severe traumatic brain injury: a CENTER TBI study

Table 3 Effect of early secondary referral on GOSE and survival at discharge

	6 months GOSE OR (95% CI)	Survival at discharge OR (95% CI)
Unadjusted	1.13 (0.82–1.55)	1.04 (0.65–1.62)
Multivariable adjustment^a	1.07 (0.78–1.46)	1.05 (0.58–1.90)

Subgroup: patients with mass lesion/ASDH	N = 691	N = 651
Unadjusted	1.64 (1.10–2.44)	1.24 (0.67–2.32)
Multivariable adjustment^b	1.28 (0.86–1.93)	1.02 (0.64–1.64)

Subgroup: patients with emergency intracranial surgical intervention	N = 301	N = 293
Unadjusted	1.51 (0.85–2.69)	1.59 (0.68–3.72)
Multivariable adjustment^b	1.56 (0.89–2.74)	1.61 (0.56–4.76)

Higher OR for 6 months GOSE means better outcome, while higher OR for survival at discharge means higher chance of survival
^aAdjusted for: age, GCS motor score, pupil inequality, hypoxia, hypotension, ISS, CT lesions: tSAH, epidural hematoma, mass lesion, acute subdural hematoma, and a random intercept for center
^bAdjusted for: age, GCS motor score, pupil inequality, hypoxia, hypotension, ISS and a random intercept for center

ISSN: 1757-7241