Skip to main content

Table 1 Patient characteristics and prehospital therapy according to transportation mode

From: Association of helicopter transportation and improved mortality for patients with major trauma in the northern French Alps trauma system: an observational study based on the TRENAU registry

 

Missing N (%)

All patients N = 9458

ground ambulance N = 5253

helicopter N = 3524

P Value

Mean age (years) (SD)

28 (0.3)

39 (20)

39 (20)

38 (19)

0.001

Sex male, N (%)

4 (0)

7281 (77)

3977 (76)

2768 (79)

0.002

Penetrating injury, N (%)

48 (0.5)

569 (6)

464 (9)

82 (2)

<0.001

Circumstances, N (%)

73 (0.8)

   

<0.001

 Traffic accident

 

4109 (44)

3099 (59)

705 (20)

 

 Gunshots

 

148 (2)

100 (2)

38 (1)

 

 Stabbings

 

363 (4)

332 (6)

22 (1)

 

 Falls

 

3781 (40)

1382 (26)

2129 (61)

 

Mountain sport accidentsa, N (%)

72 (0.8)

2685 (28)

266 (5)

2253 (64)

<0.001

Injury severity score (ISS)

144 (1.5)

    

 Mean (SD)

 

16 (12)

16 (12)

16 (12)

<0.001

  ≥ 16, N (%)

 

4272 (46)

2243 (43)

1633 (47)

<0.001

Haemorrhagic shock, N (%)

175 (1.9)

375 (4)

218 (4)

116 (3)

0.116

Systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg, N (%)

176 (1.9)

633 (7)

321 (6)

247 (7)

0.236

Glasgow coma scale ≤8, N (%)

128 (1.4)

1179 (13)

618 (12)

411 (12)

0.929

Severe traumatic brain injury, N (%)

131 (1.4)

1216 (13)

677 (13)

447 (13)

0.730

Prehospital procedure

 Intubation

48 (0.5)

1415 (15)

751 (14)

492 (14)

0.742

 Fluid resuscitation > 1000 mlb

556 (5.9)

1158 (13)

644 (13)

394 (12)

0.251

 Vasopressors

333 (3.5)

543 (6)

280 (5)

194 (6)

0.620

 Chest tube or thoracostomy

334 (3.5)

106 (1)

60 (1)

35 (1)

0.548

 Blood transfusion

335 (3.5)

129 (1)

61 (1)

50 (1)

0.259

  1. SD: standard deviation. a Mountain sports included: Ski, Snowboard, Hiking, Mountain bike, Alpinism, Ice climbing, Climbing, Paragliding, Speed riding, Canyoning and Rafting.b Crystalloids or colloids
  2. Haemorrhagic shock was reported by the in-charge physician. Severe traumatic brain injury was defined by an head AIS ≥3