Table 1 Study cohort characteristics
Patient demographics | |
Age (years), median (Q1,Q3) | 70 (60, 78) |
Gender (male) | 492 (56) |
CPC 1–2 before the current admission | 877 (99) |
Performance in daily living; lives home independently | 710 (80) |
Charlson comorbidity index, median (Q1,Q3) | 2.0 (0, 3) |
COPD | 73 (8.2) |
Diabetes | 244 (28) |
Malignancy | 237 (27) |
Dementia | 44 (5.0) |
PAD | 74 (8.4) |
Coronary artery disease | 132 (15) |
Hospital admission characteristics | |
Elective hospital admission | 258 (29) |
Days in hospital before the RRT activation median (Q1, Q3) | 2 (1, 5) |
Surgical diagnosis for admission | 519 (59) |
Preceding ICU admission during hospitalization | 91 (10) |
Surgery conducted 0─24 h before | 93 (11) |
RRT review characteristics | |
On-call time RRT activation | 233 (26) |
Reason for RRT activation | |
Respiratory | 343 (39) |
Circulatory | 226 (26) |
Decreased mental status | 225 (25) |
Nurse worried | 39 (4.4) |
Other | 53 (6.0) |
RRT interventions | |
Supplementary oxygen started or flow changed | 89 (10) |
HFNOT/CPAP/BiPAP started | 103 (12) |
Endotracheal intubation | 17 (1.9) |
Intravenous fluids | 191 (22) |
Blood products | 56 (6.3) |
Medications | 278 (31) |
Continuous vital signs’ monitoring started on ward | 110 (12) |
Transfer to ICU | 171 (19) |
ICU mortality (% of the transferred patients) | 17 (10) |
Transfer to PACU/OR | 46 (5.2) |
Transfer to emergency department | 53 (6.0) |
New limitations of medical treatment issued | 66 (7.4) |
Hospital outcome | |
Died | 134 (15) |
Discharged alive | 752 (85) |
CPC at discharge 1–2 | 697 (79) |
CPC at discharge 3–4 | 55 (6.2) |
Limitations of medical treatment at discharge | 111 (13) |
Discharged directly to home | 252 (28) |