Table 1 Characteristics of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
|  | Traumatic OHCA (N = 560) | Medical OHCA (N = 3966) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender (Male) | 413 (73.5%) | 2530 (63.3%) | < 0.001 |
Age | |||
Years, mean (±SD) | 52.5 (±19.7) | 69.2 (±16.6) | < 0.001 |
> 55 years (n, %) | 255 (45.5%) | 3223 (81.3%) | < 0.001 |
Medical history | |||
Diabetes | 40 (7.1%) | 1078 (27.2%) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 57 (10.2%) | 1438 (36.3%) | < 0.001 |
Malignancy | 10 (1.8%) | 469 (11.8%) | < 0.001 |
COPD/Asthma | 16 (2.9%) | 300 (7.6%) | < 0.001 |
Stroke | 9 (1.6%) | 418 (10.5%) | < 0.001 |
Liver disease | 8 (1.4%) | 141 (3.6%) | 0.008 |
Renal disease | 14 (2.5%) | 449 (11.3%) | < 0.001 |
Heart disease | 33 (5.9%) | 902 (22.7%) | < 0.001 |
Witnessed cardiac arrest | 272 (48.6%) | 1948 (49.1%) | 0.809 |
By public | 148 (54.4%) | 184 (9.4%) | < 0.001 |
By families | 51 (18.8%) | 1336 (68.6%) | < 0.001 |
Bystander CPR | 60 (10.7%) | 1257 (31.7%) | < 0.001 |
Breathing and chest compression | 9 (15.0%) | 209 (16.6%) | 0.740 |
Breathing only | 3 (5.0%) | 16 (1.3%) | 0.052 |
Chest compression only | 48 (80.0%) | 1032 (82.1%) | 0.679 |
EMS response time (mean ± SD, sec) | 434.6 (243.7) | 411.2 (202.6) | 0.013 |
EMS scene time (mean ± SD, sec) | 658.6 (499.7) | 651.4 (370.5) | 0.682 |
EMS transport time (mean ± SD, sec) | 457.8 (483.0) | 385.8 (420.7) | < 0.001 |
Prehospital use of laryngeal mask airway | 398 (71.1%) | 3175 (80.1%) | < 0.001 |
Prehospital use of epinephrine | 18 (3.2%) | 173 (4.4%) | 0.206 |
Use of automated external defibrillator | 449 (80.2%) | 3650 (92.0%) | < 0.001 |
Shockable rhythms | 32 (7.1%) | 455 (12.5%) | < 0.001 |
Sent to Level 1 centers | 148 (26.4%) | 1043 (26.3%) | 0.964 |
Outcomes | |||
Prehospital ROSC | 20 (3.6%) | 182 (4.6%) | 0.274 |
Ever ROSC | 131 (23.4%) | 897 (22.6%) | 0.682 |
Sustained (≥2 h) ROSC | 105 (18.8%) | 837 (21.1%) | 0.199 |
Survival at 24 h | 75 (13.4%) | 660 (16.6%) | 0.051 |
Survival at discharge | 11 (2.0%) | 181 (4.6%) | 0.004 |
Good neurologic outcome at discharge | 4 (0.7%) | 110 (2.8%) | 0.002 |