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Table 2 Unadjusted outcomes

From: Comparison of a novel, endoscopic chest tube insertion technique versus the standard, open technique performed by novice users in a human cadaver model: a randomized, crossover, assessor-blinded study

Outcome

Standard Technique N = 46

Reactor™ Technique N = 46

P-value

Successful tube placement, n (%)

34 (73.9)

19 (41.3)

0.0029

 Correctly placed in pleural space, n (%)

44 (95.6)

39 (84.8)

0.158

 Kinked tube, n (%)

8 (17.4)

14 (30.4)

0.051

 Placed in fissure, n (%)

3 (6.5)

7 (15.2)

0.075

Insertion time (sec) Median (IQR)

76.9 (55.3–106.9)

47.3 (38–63.1)

< 0.0001

Incision length (mm) Median (IQR)

32 (26–40)

28 (23–30)

0.0034

Perceived difficulty (1–10 scale; 10 most difficult) Mean (SD)

4.7 (1.9)

3.8 (1.9)

0.024

  1. IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation