Table 5 Overview over the study results for professional paramedics only
Part A: Level of triage procedures | Professional Paramedics only (N1 = 460) | Statistical comparisons | Test | ||||
Initial assessment (N1 = 210) | 2nd assessment (N1 = 90) | 3rd assessment (after re-training) (N1 = 160) | 2nd vs. Initial | 3rd vs. Initial | 3rd vs. 2nd | ||
Time since initial training (months) | 0 | 15.2 (15.0–15.7) | 25.0 (22.0–28.2) | ||||
Accuracy (triage category correct) | 84% (79–89) | 71% (62–81) | 88% (82–93) | 0.024 ⇓ | 1.000 | 0.003 ⇑ | A |
Sensitivity | 88% (81–95) | 73% (58–88) | 93% (86–100) | 0.073 | 1.000 | 0.016 ⇑ | A |
Specificity | 88% (82–94) | 79% (68–91) | 87% (81–94) | 0.355 | 1.000 | 0.496 | A |
Under-triage | 10% (6–14) | 16% (8–23) | 4% (1–7) | 0.370 | 0.104 | 0.005 ⇑ | A |
Critical under-triage | 5% (2–8) | 11% (4–18) | 3% (0–5) | 0.121 | 0.733 | 0.012 ⇑ | A |
Over-triage | 6% (3–10) | 13% (6–20) | 9% (5–14) | 0.137 | 0.861 | 0.860 | A |
Critical over-triage | 6% (3–9) | 12% (5–19) | 8% (4–12) | 0.169 | 1.000 | 0.743 | A |
Airway handling accurate | 91% (87–95) | 77% (68–86) | 98% (95–100) | 0.000 ⇓ | 0.088 | 0.000 ⇑ | A |
Bleeding management accurate | 93% (89–96) | 83% (75–91) | 94% (91–98) | 0.019 ⇓ | 1.000 | 0.008 ⇑ | A |
Time requirement (sec) | 34.1 (31.8–36.4) | 29.1 (25.8–32.3) | 29.5 (26.6–32.3) | 0.063 | 0.031 ⇓ | 1.000 | A |
Time requirement (sec) weighed | 23.7 (21.2–26.1) | 20.7 (17.5–23.9) | 23.2 (20.4–25.9) | 0.513 | 1.000 | 0.815 | A |
Part B: Level of providers | Professional Paramedics only | Statistical comparisons | Test | ||||
Initial assessment (N2 = 18) | 2nd assessment (N2 = 9) | 3rd assessment (after re-training) (N2 = 14) | 2nd vs. Initial | 3rd vs. Initial | 3rd vs. 2nd | ||
Performance measure | 95 (93–96) | 90 (87–92) | 97 (95–98) | 0.023 ⇓ | 0.209 | 0.061 ⇑ | T |
Pass rate (≥ 90% performance) | 89% (72–100) | 33% (0–69) | 93% (76–100) | 0.014 ⇓ | 0.564 | 0.046 ⇑ | W |