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Table 5 Reports focused on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation used in patients presenting traumatic brain injury

From: Predictors of hospital mortality in adult trauma patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for advanced life support: a retrospective cohort study

Author

(Country; Year)

Therapeutic

purpose

Severity of TBI

Case Number;

Median age (y)/ ISS

Device

/ER-to-device time

Anticoagulation/

Hemorrhagic event

Mortality/

Median Device Time

Reynolds[19]

(USA/1999)

Ventilation assistance

TBI (AIS 3)

ICP monitor: No

1 case;

16/18

VV-ECMO

/0 (d)

Heparin free/

Pulmonary hemorrhage

No

/7 (d)

Yen [20]

(Taiwan/2008)

Hemodynamic assistance

TBI (AIS 5)

ICP monitor: Yes

1 case;

21/NA*

VA-ECMO

/2 (d)

Heparin free/

No hemorrhagic event

No

/49 hours

Messing [21]

(USA/2014)

Ventilation assistance

TBI (AIS ≥ 3)

ICP monitor: Yes

1 case;

21/38

VV-ECMO

/3 (d)

Initial heparin free then ACT 180-200 s/

No hemorrhagic event

No

/20 (d)

Muellenbach [22]

(Germany/2012)

Ventilation assistance

TBI (AIS ≥ 3)

ICP monitor: Yes

3 cases;

53/59, 16/66, 28/66

VV-ECMO

/2 (d), 0 (d), 0(d)

Initial heparin free then aPTT 40-60 s/

No hemorrhagic event

No

/8 (d), 3 (d), 3(d)

Munoz-Bendix [23]

(Germany/2015)

Reducing PaCO2 for ICP reduction

TBI (AIS >3)

ICP monitor: Yes

10 cases;

50 /NA*

pECLA

/ 6(d)

aPTT 50-60 s/

NA*

NA*

/8 (d)

Biscotti [24]

(USA/2015)

Ventilation assistance

TBI (AIS >3),

ICP monitor: Yes

2 cases;

18/27, 20/33

VV-ECMO

/4 (d), 4(d)

aPTT 40-60 s/

No hemorrhagic event

No

/ 6(d), 13 (d)

Zhou [25]

(China/2015)

Ventilation assistance

during tracheal repair

TBI (AIS 3),

ICP monitor: No

1 case;

33/34

VA-ECMO

/4 (d)

ACT 300 (s)/

No hemorrhagic event

No

/551 minutes

Robba [26]

(UK/2017)

Ventilation assistance

TBI (AIS ≥ 3)

ICP monitor: Yes

2 cases;

31/41, 54/32

VV-ECMO

/5 (d), 20 (d)

NA*/

No hemorrhagic event

50% (n=1)

/20 (d), 4 (d)

  1. ACT: Active clotting time. APTT: Activated partial thromboplastin time. ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. ICP: Intracranial pressure monitor. pECLA: Pumpless extracorporeal lung assist. TBI: Traumatic brain injury. VA: Venoarterial. VV: Venovenous
  2. *NA: Not available