Table 3 Data extraction table for included studies
Author, year of publication | Title | Country of origin | Aims/objectives | Study design | Data collection | n= | Age (yrs) median (IQR) or mean ± SD | Gender (% male) | Inclusion (Incl) Exclusion (Excl) | Type of CA | Location | Outcome measures | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chan et al., 2012 [20] | A validated prediction tool for initial survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrest | USA (Not stated in study) | to develop a valid and clinically useful risk prediction tool among succesfully resuscitated patients with an IHCA, to estimate favourable neurological survival | Cohort study | National CA database (GWTG-R registry) | 42,957 | 68 (56–78) Mean 66 | 56 | Incl: 2000–2009; adults (≥18 yrs), achieved ROSC Excl: Arrest location ED, OT, post-op, procedural areas; incomplete data | IHCA | USA, multicentre, 551 hospitals | Neurologically favourable survival to discharge measured by CPC score | Duration of CPR is a good predictor of neurological status at discharge |
Constant et al., 2014 [21] | Predictors of functional outcome after intraoperative cardiac arrest | France | to identify factors associated with 90-day favourable functional outcomes in adults admitted to the ICU after succesful resuscitation of intra-operative CA | Cohort study | Medical records (Utstein format) interviewing patients, NOK, GP, neurologist | 140 | 60 (46–70) | 56.4 | Incl: 2000–2013; adults; received anaesthesia, admitted to ICU after succesful resuscitation | IOCA | France, multicentre, 11 hospital ICUs | Functional status at 90 days measured by CPC score | Shorter duration of CPR is associated with a more favourable outcome (CPC 1–2) |
Goldberg et al., 2012 [22] | Duration of resuscitation effors and survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest: an observational study | USA | to investigate whether duration of resuscitation attempt varies between hospitals and whether patients at hospitals that attempt resuscitation for longer have higher survival rates than those with shorter durations of resuscitation efforts | Cohort study | National CA database (GWTG-R registry) | 64,339 (8724 with CPC score) | 69 (57–78) | 55.8 | Incl: 2000–2008; adults (≥18 yrs); first CA during inpatient stay Excl: ICD; arrest location ED, OT, post-op, procedural areas, rehab areas; <2 mins arrest; incomplete data | IHCA | USA, multicentre, 435 hospitals | Neurological status at discharge measured by CPC score | No significant link between duration of CPR and neurological outcome |
Iqbal et al., 2015 [23] | Predictors of survival and favourable outcomes after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in patients systematically brought to a dedicated heart attack cener (from the Harefield cardiac arrest study) | UK | to determine the predictors of favourable functional status at discharge and long-term survival in patients experiencing out of hospital CA who are brought to a dedicated heart attack centre | Cohort study | National research database (Utstein-style template) Case notes reviewed for data on functional status | 174 | 65 (56–65) | 79.9 | Incl: 2011–2013 | OHCA | UK, single site, dedicated heart attack centre | Functional status at discharge measured by mRS | Shorter duration of CPR is a powerful predictor of favourable functional outcome at discharge. |
Reynolds et al., 2013 [24] | Duration of resuscitation effors and functional outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest when should we change to novel therapies? | USA | to estimate the dynamic probability of survival and functional recovery as a function of resuscitation effort duration to identify when to use novel therapies | Cohort study | Hospital CA database (Utstein-style template) | 1014 | Mean 65.2 | 57.7 | Incl: 2005–2011; adults (≥18 yrs) | Non-traumatic OHCA | USA, single site, ED | Functional status at discharge measured by mRS | Shorter duration of CPR is independantly associated with survival to d/c with a favourable outcome (mRs of 0–3) |
Vancini-Campanharo et al., 2015 [25] | One-year follow-up of neurological status of patients after cardiac arrest seen at the emergency room of a teaching hospital | Brazil | to describe neurological status and associated factors of survivors after CA, upon discharge and at six and twelve month follow ups | Cohort study | Utstein-style recording of consecutive IHCAs Neurological status evaluated with patient, family or guardian | 16 | not stated | not stated | Incl: 2011–2012; adults (≥17 yrs); resuscitated in ED; survivors to discharge | OHCA | Brazil, single site, city hospital ED | Neurological status at discharge, 1, 6 and 12 months measured by CPC score | No significant link between duration of CPR and neurological outcome |
Xue et al., 2013 [26] | Factors influencing outcomes after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the emergency department | China | to assess the factors influencing outcome of CPR in ED | Cohort study | Hospital registry Utstein-style template | 725 | 46.94 ± 19.05 | 71.6 | Incl: 2005–2011; adults (≥16 yrs) Excl: DNAR; incomplete data | IHCA and OHCA | China, single site, city hospital ED | Neurologically favourable survival to discharge measured by CPC score | CPR ≤15mins had significantly higher percentage of survivors with a neurologically favourable outcome |