Table 2 Univariable and multivariable analyses of the explanatory variables being assessed for their association with ‘no paramedic treatment’

Gender

Male

45.2 (44.2–46.3)

1

–

Female

44.2 (43.3–45.2)

1.03 (0.95–1.11)

0.477

Age

0-4 yrs

92.7 (89.7–95.6)

6.14 (3.81–9.88)

<0.001

5-9 yrs

69.2 (62.5–76.0)

2.46 (1.62–3.74)

<0.001

10-14 yrs

52.0 (45.0–58.9)

1.51 (1.01–2.26)

0.047

15-19 yrs

46.3 (41.6–51.0)

1.61 (1.18–2.20)

0.003

20-24 yrs

45.6 (41.8–49.4)

1.40 (1.07–1.83)

0.015

25-29 yrs

39.3 (36.0–42.6)

1.24 (0.96–1.60)

0.098

30-34 yrs

38.8 (35.8–41.8)

1.27 (0.99–1.61)

0.057

35-39 yrs

34.6 (31.7–37.5)

1.10 (0.87–1.40)

0.425

40-44 yrs

35.5 (32.8–38.2)

1.19 (0.94–1.50)

0.150

45-49 yrs

35.1 (32.1–38.2)

1.01 (0.79–1.29)

0.927

50-54 yrs

38.3 (35.2–41.4)

0.94 (0.74–1.18)

0.580

55-59 yrs

39.8 (36.7–42.8)

1

–

60-64 yrs

40.2 (37.4–43.0)

0.97 (0.78–1.21)

0.793

65-69 yrs

45.3 (42.6–48.0)

1.06 (0.86–1.31)

0.589

70-74 yrs

43.8 (41.4–46.3)

0.97 (0.79–1.19)

0.758

75-79 yrs

47.1 (44.8–49.4)

1.04 (0.85–1.26)

0.732

80-84 yrs

50.5 (48.3–52.7)

1.18 (0.97–1.42)

0.101

85 + yrs

52.8 (50.8–54.7)

1.16 (0.96–1.40)

0.124

Time of day

0700-1859 h

44.6 (43.7–45.5)

1

–

1900-0659 h

44.8 (43.7–46.0)

1.17 (1.08–1.26)

<0.001

Income status of patients LGA

Above median income of $54 K

47.6 (45.7–49.6)

1

–

Below median income of $54 K

44.3 (43.5–45.0)

1.03 (0.93–1.15)

0.544

Pain level

Mild (pain <3/10)

68.6 (67.7–69.4)

1

–

Moderate (pain 3–6/10)

24.0 (22.4–25.6)

0.16 (0.14–0.18)

<0.001

Severe (pain >6/10)

4.4 (3.8–4.9)

0.02 (0.02–0.03)

<0.001

Triage guideline groups

Abdominal pain

27.2 (25.9–28.5)

0.83 (0.63–1.08)

0.158

Back pain

22.3 (20.5–23.9)

0.79 (0.60–1.04)

0.098

Dizziness

58.4 (56.2–61.1)

0.77 (0.58–1.01)

0.056

Nausea / vomiting

54.0 (51.4–56.7)

0.72 (0.55–0.95)

0.022

Psychiatric conditions

89.8 (87.9–91.5)

4.44 (3.19–6.18)

<0.001

Fever

62.9 (60.1–65.8)

0.86 (0.64–1.14)

0.287

Weakness

64.7 (61.6–67.8)

1.05 (0.79–1.40)

0.749

Headache

42.0 (38.6–45.3)

1.18 (0.87–1.61)

0.287

Confusion/Disorientation/Agitation

65.7 (62.3–69.0)

1.01 (0.75–1.35)

0.966

Flank Pain

14.9 (12.3–17.8)

0.68 (0.47–0.97)

0.035

Hip Non-Injury

22.2 (18.9–26.1)

0.65 (0.46–0.92)

0.016

Chest Pain / Discomfort

38.5 (34.3–42.8)

0.58 (0.42–0.81)

0.001

Neurological Symptoms/Transient Ischaemic Attack

58.3 (53.7–62.9)

0.76 (0.55–1.05)

0.097

Trauma

47.0 (42.2–51.8)

1.21 (0.85–1.72)

0.301

Fainting

61.8 (56.9–66.7)

0.79 (0.56–1.12)

0.179

Hypertension

69.4 (64.7–74.1)

1.46 (1.03–2.07)

0.033

Hip Injury

27.8 (23.0–32.7)

0.60 (0.41–0.88)

0.009

Diabetes-related problems

52.6 (47.2–58.1)

0.78 (0.55–1.11)

0.169

Musculoskeletal other

50.8 (45.2–56.4)

1.34 (0.91–1.95)

0.136

Diarrhoea

64.9 (59.5–70.2)

1.20 (0.84–1.73)

0.316

Urinary symptoms

44.8 (39.7–49.9)

1

–

Referral Service call-taker qualification

Nurse

45.3 (43.4–47.1)

1.01 (0.91–1.12)

0.903

ALS paramedic

44.7 (43.9–45.5)

1

–

Intensive care paramedic

41.1 (36.9–45.3)

0.93 (0.74–1.17)

0.538

Continuous variables

Mean number of comorbidities for those treated (SD)

Mean number of comorbidities for those not treated (SD)

Comorbidities

3.15 (SD 2.3)

2.96 (2.2)

0.92 (0.91–0.94)

<0.001