Table 4 Result of mapping compliance of Danish first aid books

1. Optimal position for a shock victim

1.a Is shock defined as a condition with failing circulation?

7/3

1.b Is it mentioned that persons with shock should be placed in the supine position?

10/0

1.c Is it mentioned that leg should be raised by “passive leg rise”, if there is no sign of trauma?

1/9

2. Bronchodilator administration

2.a Is it mentioned that one should assist individuals with asthma in taking their inhalators/bronchodilators if they have difficulty breathing?

8/2

2.b Is there an explanation on how to use an inhalator or other bronchodilators?

0/10

3. Stroke recognition

3. Is there an explained system for the recognition of stroke?

8/2

4. Aspirin administration for chest pain

4. Does the book instruct in the use of acetylsalicylic acid/aspirin (ASA) for chest pain due to suspected myocardial infarction (ACS/AMI)?

0/10

5. Second dose of adrenaline for anaphylaxis

5. Is it recommended giving a second (repeated) intramuscular dose of adrenaline to persons with anaphylaxis?

0/10

6. Hypoglycaemia treatment

6. Does the book instruct readers to give glucose tablets of 15–20 g or equal glucose containing substance to persons with symptomatic hypoglycemia?

8/2

7. Exertion-related dehydration and rehydration therapy

7. Is it recommended to a se 3–8% oral carbohydrate–electrolyte beverages for rehydration of individuals with simple exercise-induced dehydration?

1/9

8. Eye injury from chemical exposure

8. Is it recommended irrigating eye injuries due to exposure to a chemical substance, with water?

9/1

9. Control of bleeding

9.a Is it recommended to apply direct pressure, (with or without a dressing) to control external bleeding?

10/0

9.b Is it advised against the use of proximal pressure points, that is pressure applied centrally relative to the wound?

0/10

9.c Is it advised against the elevation of extremities?

0/10

10. Use of a tourniquet

10. Does the book instruct readers to use a tourniquet when direct wound pressure cannot control severe external bleeding in a limb?

4/6

11. Straightening an angulated fracture

11.a Does the books state that on should not straighten an angulated long bone fracture?

1/9

11.b Is the reader instructed to leave angulated fractures immobilized in the position in which it was found (possibly with a splint)?

10/0

12. First aid treatment for an open chest wound

12.a Is it clear that one should leave an open chest wound exposed to freely communicate with the external environment without applying a dressing, or cover the wound?

0/10

12.b Is it described that one should stop localized bleeding on the chest with direct pressure?

1/9

12.c Is it clear that dressing an open chest wound should only be done with a non-occlusive dressing (e.g. with a valve)?

8/2

13. Spinal motion restriction

13.a Does the book advise against the use of a cervical collar (e.g. Stiffneck)?

0/10

13.b Is it recommended to manually support the head in position limiting angular movement?

9/1

14. Cooling of burns

14. Is it clear one should actively cool thermal burns as soon as possible and for a minimum of 10 minutes duration, using water?

4/6

15. Burn dressings

15. Is it clear that subsequent to cooling, burns should be dressed with a loose sterile dressing?

0/10

16. Dental avulsion

16.a Does the text state avulsed teeth should be placed in one of the following solutions if not able to immediately re-implanted?

3/7

1). Balanced salt solution?

4/6

2). Propolis?

0/10

3). Eggwhite?

0/10

4). Coconut water?

0/10

5). Phosphate buffered Saline?

0/10

6). Milk?

9/10

16.b Does the book state that one should contact a dentist at dental avulsion?

7/3