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Table 2 Clinical characteristics of the patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) on admission to the emergency department in the rhythm versus rate control groups

From: Antiarrhythmic drug therapy among patients presenting to emergency department with symptomatic atrial fibrillation – a prospective nationwide cohort

 

Total

n (%)

Rhythm control

n (%)

Rate control

n (%)

P-value

Patients

1013

659 (65.1)

336 (33.2)

 

 Previously diagnosed AF

780

498 (63.8)

261 (33.5)

 

 Newly diagnosed AF

217

140 (64.5)

71 (32.7)

 

Age

70.0 ± 13.1 (19–103)

65.7 ± 12.4

78.6 ± 10.1

< 0.001

Female

482 (47.6)

267 (40.5)

205 (61.0)

< 0.001

Congestive heart failure

176 (17.4)

57 (8.6)

115 (34.2)

< 0.001

Hypertension

658 (65.0)

395 (59.9)

251 (74.7)

< 0.001

Diabetes

214 (21.1)

116 (17.6)

95 (28.3)

< 0.001

Stroke

81 (8.0)

37 (5.6)

41 (12.2)

< 0.001

Transient ischemic attack

53 (5.2)

21 (3.2)

32 (9.5)

< 0.001

Other thromboembolic events

24 (2.4)

8 (1.2)

15 (4.5)

0.003

Coronary artery disease

235 (23.2)

106 (16.1)

122 (36.3)

< 0.001

Previous myocardial infarction

126 (12.4)

55 (8.3)

66 (19.6)

< 0.001

Atherosclerosis

39 (3.8))

15 (2.3)

24 (7.1)

< 0.001

Dyslipidaemia

441 (43.5)

273 (41.4)

161 (47.9)

0.042

Ongoing or ex-smoking

254 (25.1)

174 (26.4)

75 (22.3)

0.809

Valvular disease

128 (12.6)

63 (9.6)

65 (19.3)

< 0.001

Thyroid dysfunction

112 (11.1)

66 (10.0)

45 (13.4)

0.136

Lung disease

135 (13.3)

72 (10.9)

61 (18.2)

0.002

Renal insufficiency

100 (9.9)

27 (4.1)

70 (20.8)

< 0.001

Liver insufficiency

18 (1.8)

7 (1.1)

11 (3.3)

0.021

Anaemia

103 (10.2)

39 (5.9)

62 (18.5)

< 0.001

History of major bleeding

34 (3.4)

16 (2.4)

18 (5.4)

0.026

Echocardiography

508 (50.1)

353 (53.6)

152 (45.2)

0.015

EHRA score

2.2 ± 0.8

2.3 ± 0.7

2.0 ± 0.9

< 0.001

CHA2DS2-VASc score

3.1 ± 2.1

2.4 ± 1.9

4.4 ± 1.8

< 0.001

HAS-BLED score

1.9 ± 1.2

1.5 ± 1.1

2.6 ± 1.2

< 0.001