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Table 2 Comparison of elderly patients with and without AKI after emergency department stay

From: Thrombocytopenia on the first day of emergency department visit predicts higher risk of acute kidney injury among elderly patients

Characteristics

AKI after ED stay

No AKI after ED stay

p value

Demographic features

 Age (years)

79.6 ± 8.4

81.5 ± 7.9

0.19

 Gender (male %)

33 (58)

35 (44)

0.12

 Comorbidities

 Diabetes mellitus (%)

28 (49)

25 (32)

0.04

 Hypertension (%)

28 (49)

50 (63)

0.1

 Heart failure (%)

12 (21)

11 (14)

0.28

 Coronary artery disease (%)

4 (7)

7 (9)

0.7

 Peripheral artery occlusive disease (%)

3 (5)

6 (8)

0.59

 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (%)

7 (12)

8 (10)

0.7

 Chronic kidney disease (%)

31 (54)

23 (29)

< 0.01

 Previous or active malignancy (%)

18 (32)

17 (22)

0.19

 Peptic ulcer disease (%)

7 (12)

5 (6)

0.23

 Charlson comorbidity index

8 (6–10)

7 (6–8)

0.02

Initial impression (%)

  

< 0.01

 Cardio- or cerebro-vascular events

2 (4)

9 (11)

 

 Pulmonary diseases

23 (40)

40 (51)

 

 Gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases

13 (23)

8 (10)

 

 Renal diseases

11 (19)

3 (4)

 

 Infection of unknown origin

2 (4)

9 (11)

 

 Miscellaneous

6 (11)

10 (13)

 

First vital signs obtained on ED evaluation

 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

114 (95–141)

144 (123–162)

< 0.01

 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

64 (54–75)

78 (69–90)

< 0.01

 Heart rate (/min)

94.5 ± 23.3

98.3 ± 18.8

0.3

 Body temperature (°C)

37 ± 1.3

37.4 ± 1.1

0.06

 Respiratory rate (/min)

19 (18–21)

20 (18–22)

0.69

First laboratory data on ED

 Leukocyte counts (K/μL)

12.3 (7.7–16.2)

10.6 (8–14.6)

0.12

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

9,7 (7.9–12)

11.7 (10.5–13.1)

0.06

 Platelet counts (K/μL)

200 ± 100

243 ± 100

0.01

 Baseline eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)

58.8 (33.5–83.8)

76.5 (51.1–91)

< 0.01

 Serum creatinine on ward admission (mg/dL)

1.9 (1.4–2.5)

0.8 (0.6–1.1)

< 0.01

 ED length of stay (days)

4 (3–5)

5 (3–6)

0.19

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median with 25% and 75% quartiles for continuous variables, and number (percentage) for categorical variables
  2. Abbreviation: AKI acute kidney injury, ED emergency department, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate