|
Demographic features
|
|
Age (years)
|
80.7 ± 8.2
|
78.5 ± 9.1
|
81.3 ± 7.8
|
0.1
|
|
Gender (male %)
|
68 (50)
|
16 (52)
|
52 (50)
|
0.84
|
|
Comorbidities
|
|
Diabetes mellitus (%)
|
53 (39)
|
14 (45)
|
39 (37)
|
0.43
|
|
Hypertension (%)
|
78 (57)
|
11 (35)
|
67 (64)
|
<0.01
|
|
Heart failure (%)
|
23 (17)
|
4 (13)
|
19 (18)
|
0.5
|
|
Coronary artery disease (%)
|
11 (8)
|
2 (6)
|
9 (9)
|
0.71
|
|
Peripheral artery occlusive disease (%)
|
9 (7)
|
3 (10)
|
6 (6)
|
0.44
|
|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (%)
|
15 (11)
|
2 (6)
|
13 (12)
|
0.36
|
|
Chronic kidney disease (%)
|
54 (40)
|
14 (45)
|
40 (38)
|
0.48
|
|
Previous or active malignancy (%)
|
35 (26)
|
8 (26)
|
27 (26)
|
0.99
|
|
Peptic ulcer disease (%)
|
12 (9)
|
2 (6)
|
10 (10)
|
0.6
|
|
Charlson comorbidity index
|
7 (6–9)
|
7 (5–9)
|
8 (6–9)
|
0.1
|
|
Initial impression (%)
| | | |
0.23
|
|
Cardio- or cerebro-vascular events
|
11 (8)
|
3 (10)
|
8 (8)
| |
|
Pulmonary diseases
|
63 (46)
|
10 (32)
|
53 (50)
| |
|
Gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases
|
21 (15)
|
9 (29)
|
12 (11)
| |
|
Renal diseases
|
14 (10)
|
3 (10)
|
11 (10)
| |
|
Infection of unknown origin
|
11 (8)
|
3 (10)
|
8 (8)
| |
|
Miscellaneous
|
16 (12)
|
3 (10)
|
13 (12)
| |
|
First vital signs obtained on ED evaluation
|
|
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
|
131 (110.3–153)
|
133 (101–146)
|
130 (112–154)
|
0.89
|
|
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
|
73 (62–84)
|
71 (60–82)
|
73 (62–84)
|
0.73
|
|
Heart rate (/min)
|
96.7 ± 20.8
|
96.8 ± 27.1
|
96.7 ± 18.7
|
0.98
|
|
Body temperature (°C)
|
37.2 ± 1.2
|
37.2 ± 1.2
|
37.3 ± 1.1
|
0.77
|
|
Respiratory rate (/min)
|
20 (18–22)
|
18 (18–22)
|
20 (18–22)
|
0.88
|
|
First laboratory data on ED
|
|
Leukocyte counts (K/μL)
|
11.4 (7.9–15.6)
|
8.2 (4.9–12.3)
|
12 (8.4–16.5)
|
< 0.01
|
|
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
|
11.4 (9.6–12.8)
|
11.3 (8.8–12.4)
|
11.6 (9.6–13.1)
|
0.47
|
|
Platelet counts (K/μL)
|
225 ± 102
|
102 ± 51
|
262 ± 82
|
< 0.01
|
|
Baseline eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)
|
70.3 (42.7–88)
|
68.9 (39.3–84.4)
|
70.3 (42.7–89.8)
|
0.46
|
|
Serum creatinine on ward admission (mg/dL)
|
1.1 (0.7–1.9)
|
1.5 (0.9–2.1)
|
1 (0.7–1.7)
|
0.1
|
|
ED length of stay (days)
|
4.5 (3–6)
|
4 (3–6)
|
5 (3–6)
|
0.64
|
