Table 2 Comparison of complications between before and after the change in the 2010 guideline
Variable | Pre-2010 (n = 43) | Post-2010 (n = 142) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Rib fracture | 27 (62.8) | 112 (78.9) | 0.03 |
 Multiple rib fracture | 25 (58.1) | 102 (71.8) | 0.18 |
 Number of rib fractures | 4.2 ± 4.5 | 4.7 ± 3.8 | 0.47 |
Site of rib fracture | Â | Â | 0.09 |
 Unilateral | 7 (16.3) | 25 (17.6) |  |
 Bilateral | 20 (46.5) | 87 (61.3) |  |
 None | 16 (37.2) | 30 (21.1) |  |
Location of rib fracture | Â | Â | Â |
 Anterior | 27 (62.8) | 105 (73.9) | 0.22 |
 Lateral | 17 (39.5) | 73 (51.4) | 0.23 |
 Posterior | 4 (9.3) | 7 (4.9) | 0.49 |
Sternum fracture | 13 (30.2) | 38 (26.8) | 0.80 |
 Location of sternum fracture |  |  |  |
 Upper | 5 (11.6) | 6 (4.2) | 0.15 |
 Middle | 6 (13.9) | 26 (18.3) | 0.67 |
 Lower | 6 (13.9) | 20 (14.1) | >0.99 |
Lung contusion | 7 (16.3) | 35 (24.6) | 0.35 |
Lung hemorrhage | 4 (9.3) | 16 (11.3) | 0.93 |
Pneumothorax | 4 (9.3) | 25 (17.6) | 0.28 |
Hematoma | 0 (0) | 13 (9.1) | 0.04 |
Vertebral fracture | 2 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 0.08 |
Scapular fracture | 1 (2.3) | 1 (0.7) | 0.95 |
Serious complications | 0 (0) | 9 (6.3) | 0.20 |
 Massive subcutaneous emphysema | 0 (0) | 2 (1.4) |  |
 Haemoperitoneum | 0 (0) | 3 (2.1) |  |
 Haemomediastinum | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) |  |
 Tension pneumothorax | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) |  |
 Pneumoperitoneum | 0 (0) | 2 (1.4) |  |