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Table 2 Trauma victim presentation and clinical examination on arrival of EMS team at the scene of the accident

From: Hypothermia in trauma victims at first arrival of ambulance personnel: an observational study with assessment of risk factors

 

Hypothermia

No hypothermia

p

N = 136

N = 325

Presentation

 Trapped - n (%)

24 (18)

36 (11)

0.07

 Time from accident to body temperature measurement (min)

30 (22–43)

30 (24–45)

0.8

 Position - n (%)

  Seated

22 (16)

49 (15)

0.8

  Lying down

114 (84)

272 (85)

 On the ground - n (%)

91 (67)

184 (57)

0.05

 Unclothed - n (%)

41 (30)

107 (33)

0.6

 Wet - n (%)

26 (19)

23 (7)

0.0004

 Covered by blanket - n (%)

75 (55)

157 (48)

0.2

 Shivering - n (%)

25 (18)

54 (17)

0.7

Clinical examination

 Glasgow Coma Score (GCS)

15 (9–15)

15 (15–15)

<0.0001

 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

123 (108–140)

126 (110–140)

0.1

 Heart rate (bpm)

84 (70–101)

90 (75–100)

0.1

 Respiratory rate (breaths/min)

18 (16–22)

18 (16–22)

0.8

 Pulse oxymetry (%)

99 (97–100)

99 (97–100)

0.8

 Nature of injury – n (%)

  - head

71 (52)

0 5)

0.2

  - chest

39 (29)

0 1)

0.7

  - abdomen

17 (12)

42 13)

1

  - hip

22 (16)

54 17)

1

  - limbs

59 (43)

128 (39)

0.5

 Revised Trauma Score (RTS)

11 (10–11)

11 (11–11)

<0.0001

 Status on arrival at hospital ED - n (%)

62 (13)

399 (87)

 
  1. Results are expressed as numbers with percentages or as medians with interquartile ranges
  2. RTS = GCS + systolic blood pressure + respiratory rate