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Table 3 The prevalence of fentanyl treatment and potential risk factors of non-treatment (multivariat logistic regression and estimates as odds ratios)

From: Prehospital intravenous fentanyl to patients with hip fracture: an observational cohort study of risk factors for analgesic non-treatment

 

n = 2140

Fentanyl administered, % (95% CI)

Odds Ratio (95% CI)

Crude

Adjusteda

Age (years), n = 2140

   < 74

362

34.3 (29.3-39.2)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 75-79

338

30.8 (25.8-35.7)

0.85 (0.62-1.17)

0.80 (0.54-1.20)

 80-84

465

26.5 (22.4-30.5)

0.69 (0.51-0.93)

0.62 (0.43-0.91)

 85-89

527

24.1 (20.4-27.8)

0.61 (0.45-0.82)

0.54 (0.38-0.80)

   > 90

448

23.7 (19.7-27.6)

0.59 (0.44-0.81)

0.65 (0.45-0.97)

Sex, n = 2140

 Female

1488

29.0 (26.7-31.3)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 Male

652

23.3 (20.1-26.6)

0.74 (0.60-0.92)

0.64 (0.48-0.84)

CCI score, n = 2140

 0

875

30.9 (27.8-33.9)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 1

528

23.5 (19.9-27.1)

0.69 (0.54-0.88)

0.64 (0.47-0.87)

 2

340

25.0 (20.4-29.6)

0.75 (0.56-0.99)

0.76 (0.54-1.09)

 3+

397

26.4 (22.1-30.8)

0.81 (0.62-1.05)

0.83 (0.59-1.17)

Housing, n = 1967

 Own home

1328

30.5 (28.0-33.0)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 OHATI

210

34.8 (28.3-41.3)

1.21 (0.89-1.65)

1.60 (1.09-2.34)

 Institution

429

14.0 (10.7-17.3)

0.37 (0.27-0.50)

0.61 (0.43-0.88)

BMI, n = 2140

 Normal

1051

27.0 (24.3-29.7)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 Underweight

191

26.7 (20.4-33.0)

0.98 (0.69-1.39)

1.00 (0.65-1.54)

 Overweight

521

27.8 (24.0-31.7)

1.04 (0.82-1.31)

1.07 (0.82-1.43)

 Obeseb

377

27.6 (23.1-32.1)

1.03 (0.79-1.34)

1.07 (0.73-1.56)

Fracture displacement, n = 1981

 Yes

230

23.0 (17.6-28.5)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 No

1717

27.5 (25.4-29.7)

0.79 (0.60-1.09)

1.11 (0.74-1.66)

 Unspecified

34

38.2 (21.0-55.4)

1.63 (0.81-3.28)

1.67 (0.68-4.08)

Type of fracture, n = 2140

 Subtrochanteric

182

39.0 (31.9-46.2)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 Pertrochanteric

872

29.5 (26.4-32.5)

0.65 (0.47-0.91)

0.77 (0.51-1.19)

 Medial

1086

23.6 (21.0-26.1)

0.48 (0.35-0.67)

0.60 (0.40-0.92)

Prior consultation with GP, n = 2140

 No

1622

30.4 (28.2-32.6)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 Yes

518

17.6 (14.3-20.9)

0.49 (0.38-0.63)

0.74 (0.52-1.02)

EMCC triage level, n = 1895

 A (highest)

145

37.9 (29.9-45.9)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 B

1246

32.9 (30.3-35.5)

0.80 (0.56-1.15)

1.00 (0.66-1.52)

 C

504

11.1 (8.4-13.9)

0.20 (0.13-31.6)

0.29 (0.18-0.49)

Time with ambulance personnelc (minutes), n = 1878

  < 20

174

1.7 (0.0-3.7)

0.02 (0.01-0.06)

0.01 (0.00-0.06)

 20-29

306

12.4 (8.70-16.1)

0.15 (0.10-0.22)

0.14 (0.09-0.22)

 30-39

362

21.0 (16.8-25.2)

0.28 (0.20-0.39)

0.27 (0.18-0.39)

 40-49

377

30.0 (25.3-34.6)

0.44 (0.33-0.61)

0.45 (0.32-0.63)

 50-59

337

38.0 (32.8-43.2)

0.64 (0.47-0.87)

0.67 (0.47-0.95)

   > 60

322

49.1 (43.6-54.6)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

Yeard, n = 2140

 2011

360

19.7 (15.6-23.9)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 2012

773

29.5 (26.3-32.7)

1.70 (1.26-2.30)

1.81 (1.21-2.70)

 2013

666

28.5 (25.1-32.0)

1.62 (1.19-2.21)

1.73 (1.15-2.60)

 2014

341

27.9 (23.1-32.6)

1.57 (1.11-2.23)

1.98 (1.25-3.14)

  1. CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, OHATI own home affiliated to an institution, BMI Body Mass Index, GP general practitioner, EMCC Emergency Medical Communication Center. The number of complete cases for each variable is given in the left column
  2. aMutually adjusted for the other variables in the table. Adjustments are categorical besides age (continuous) and time with ambulance (restricted cubic splines)
  3. bFour levels of body mass index were defined as < 18.5 (underweight), 18.5-24.9 (normal weight), 25-29.9 (overweight) and > 30.0 (obese)
  4. cDefined as the time from ambulance arrival on scene until hospital admission
  5. d2011 and 2014 contain patient information from 6-month periods