| |
Matched groups
|
|---|
|
HEMS, %
|
No. of deaths/Total No.
|
GEMS, %
|
No. of deaths/Total No.
|
p Value
|
|---|
|
Mechanism of injury
|
|
Automobile crash
|
18.0
|
(135/752)
|
17.5
|
(132/756)
|
.80
|
|
Motorcycle crash
|
19.1
|
(116/608)
|
19.7
|
(124/631)
|
.80
|
|
Bicycle crash
|
30.7
|
(83/270)
|
29.2
|
(79/271)
|
.69
|
|
Pedestrian traffic accident
|
42.9
|
(124/289)
|
41.8
|
(123/294)
|
.79
|
|
Other vehicle
|
41.5
|
(17/41)
|
25.0
|
(10/40)
|
.12
|
|
Fall from high place or Stairs
|
21.1
|
(293/1391)
|
26.6
|
(364/1366)
|
.001
|
|
Machine injury
|
22.0
|
(11/50)
|
23.4
|
(11/47)
|
.87
|
|
Falling object or Explosion
|
14.3
|
(14/98)
|
19.1
|
(17/89)
|
.38
|
|
Compression injury
|
16.1
|
(25/155)
|
31.5
|
(52/165)
|
.001
|
|
Train
|
31.3
|
(5/16)
|
46.7
|
(7/15)
|
.38
|
|
Sports
|
8.8
|
(8/91)
|
2.2
|
(2/91)
|
.05
|
|
Other blunt injury
|
25.0
|
(22/88)
|
22.4
|
(22/98)
|
.68
|
|
Penetrating
|
19.4
|
(12/62)
|
29.1
|
(16/55)
|
.22
|
|
missing
|
24.6
|
(17/69)
|
24.2
|
(15/62)
|
.95
|
|
Injury distribution with AIS ≥3
|
|
Head
|
32.6
|
(625/1916)
|
32.0
|
(609/1902)
|
.69
|
|
Face
|
22.2
|
(18/81)
|
34.2
|
(26/76)
|
.10
|
|
Neck
|
20.8
|
(5/24)
|
33.3
|
(7/21)
|
.34
|
|
Chest
|
23.4
|
(514/2197)
|
29.1
|
(627/2153)
|
<.001
|
|
Abdomen
|
31.3
|
(163/521)
|
31.6
|
(162/512)
|
.90
|
|
Spine
|
12.9
|
(111/862)
|
14.1
|
(126/894)
|
.46
|
|
Extremity
|
23.7
|
(271/1144)
|
33.9
|
(370/1092)
|
<.001
|
|
Skin
|
14.3
|
(1/7)
|
37.5
|
(3/8)
|
.31
|
|
Hospital type
|
|
Tertiary
|
22.2
|
(877/3951)
|
24.7
|
(937/3798)
|
.01
|
|
Secondary
|
17.2
|
(5/29)
|
20.3
|
(37/182)
|
.70
|
-
HEMS helicopter emergency medical services, GEMS ground emergency medical services, AIS abbreviated injury scale
