|
Age, years
|
|
15 - 55
|
1586
|
(38.4)
|
6923
|
(40.3)
|
2.5
|
1536
|
(38.6)
|
1516
|
(38.1)
|
-2.3
|
|
56 - 64
|
708
|
(17.2)
|
2740
|
(16.0)
|
4.3
|
681
|
(17.1)
|
697
|
(17.5)
|
4.1
|
|
≥ 65
|
1834
|
(44.4)
|
7495
|
(43.7)
|
-5.8
|
1763
|
(44.3)
|
1767
|
(44.4)
|
-0.8
|
|
Sex male
|
3143
|
(76.1)
|
11906
|
(69.4)
|
16.4
|
3016
|
(75.8)
|
3039
|
(76.4)
|
-1.2
|
|
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hga
|
|
< 90
|
318
|
(7.7)
|
1120
|
(6.5)
|
5.9
|
309
|
(7.8)
|
315
|
(7.9)
|
2.7
|
|
90 to 109
|
444
|
(10.8)
|
2078
|
(12.1)
|
-2.6
|
436
|
(11.0)
|
456
|
(11.5)
|
1.0
|
|
≥ 110
|
2146
|
(52.0)
|
10614
|
(61.9)
|
-23.9
|
2107
|
(52.9)
|
2105
|
(52.9)
|
-1.2
|
|
missing
|
1220
|
(29.6)
|
3346
|
(19.5)
|
26.0
|
1128
|
(28.3)
|
1104
|
(27.7)
|
-0.9
|
|
Heart rate, beats/mina
|
|
< 60
|
228
|
(5.5)
|
817
|
(4.8)
|
3.6
|
221
|
(5.6)
|
241
|
(6.1)
|
-2.9
|
|
60 to 99
|
2048
|
(49.6)
|
10144
|
(59.1)
|
-21.8
|
2015
|
(50.6)
|
2109
|
(53.0)
|
1.2
|
|
≥ 100
|
851
|
(20.6)
|
3862
|
(22.5)
|
-2.7
|
835
|
(21.0)
|
746
|
(18.7)
|
1.2
|
|
missing
|
1001
|
(24.2)
|
2335
|
(13.6)
|
29.0
|
909
|
(22.8)
|
884
|
(22.2)
|
-1.0
|
|
Respiratory rate, breaths/mina
|
|
< 10 or > 29
|
781
|
(18.9)
|
3030
|
(15.0)
|
10.2
|
770
|
(19.3)
|
743
|
(18.7)
|
0.8
|
|
10 to 29
|
1818
|
(44.0)
|
13175
|
(65.3)
|
-42.5
|
1805
|
(45.4)
|
1822
|
(45.8)
|
-0.6
|
|
missing
|
1529
|
(37.0)
|
3971
|
(19.7)
|
38.3
|
1405
|
(35.3)
|
1415
|
(35.6)
|
0.2
|
|
Japan Coma Scalea
|
|
Grade 0 (alert)
|
913
|
(22.1)
|
4453
|
(26.0)
|
-11.1
|
912
|
(22.9)
|
925
|
(23.2)
|
0.2
|
|
Grade 1 (delirium)
|
925
|
(22.4)
|
5443
|
(31.7)
|
-21.5
|
924
|
(23.2)
|
946
|
(23.8)
|
0.7
|
|
Grade 2 (sommolence)
|
422
|
(10.2)
|
1788
|
(10.4)
|
0.7
|
420
|
(10.6)
|
398
|
(10.0)
|
2.6
|
|
Grade 3 (coma)
|
901
|
(21.8)
|
4185
|
(24.4)
|
-3.4
|
899
|
(22.6)
|
887
|
(22.3)
|
-2.6
|
|
missing
|
967
|
(23.4)
|
1289
|
(7.5)
|
43.9
|
825
|
(20.7)
|
824
|
(20.7)
|
0.0
|
|
Preexisting medical conditions
|
|
Neurological diseases
|
373
|
(9.0)
|
2367
|
(13.8)
|
-18.6
|
371
|
(9.3)
|
343
|
(8.6)
|
0.3
|
|
Cardiovascular diseases
|
892
|
(21.6)
|
3676
|
(21.4)
|
-6.4
|
858
|
(21.6)
|
853
|
(21.4)
|
1.2
|
|
Respiratory disease
|
180
|
(4.4)
|
589
|
(3.4)
|
3.6
|
170
|
(4.3)
|
165
|
(4.1)
|
0.5
|
|
Digestive diseases
|
274
|
(6.6)
|
1231
|
(7.2)
|
-5.0
|
268
|
(6.7)
|
261
|
(6.6)
|
2.9
|
|
Metabolic disease
|
407
|
(9.9)
|
1771
|
(10.3)
|
-5.2
|
393
|
(9.9)
|
386
|
(9.7)
|
0.7
|
|
Others
|
327
|
(7.9)
|
1116
|
(6.5)
|
0.7
|
301
|
(7.6)
|
271
|
(6.8)
|
0.0
|
|
Mechanism of injury
|
|
Automobile crash
|
815
|
(19.7)
|
2085
|
(12.2)
|
23.8
|
752
|
(18.9)
|
756
|
(19.0)
|
0.0
|
|
Motorcycle crash
|
618
|
(15.0)
|
2613
|
(15.2)
|
3.2
|
608
|
(15.3)
|
631
|
(15.9)
|
-1.4
|
|
Bicycle crash
|
270
|
(6.5)
|
2129
|
(12.4)
|
-15.9
|
270
|
(6.8)
|
271
|
(6.8)
|
1.2
|
|
Pedestrian traffic accident
|
294
|
(7.1)
|
1559
|
(9.1)
|
-3.9
|
289
|
(7.3)
|
294
|
(7.4)
|
0.0
|
|
Other vehicle
|
44
|
(1.1)
|
122
|
(0.7)
|
4.5
|
41
|
(1.0)
|
40
|
(1.0)
|
1.0
|
|
Fall from high place or Stairs
|
1418
|
(34.4)
|
6366
|
(37.1)
|
1.5
|
1391
|
(34.9)
|
1366
|
(34.3)
|
-0.4
|
|
Machine injury
|
61
|
(1.5)
|
98
|
(0.6)
|
9.3
|
50
|
(1.3)
|
47
|
(1.2)
|
-0.9
|
|
Falling object or Explosion
|
100
|
(2.4)
|
283
|
(1.6)
|
6.7
|
98
|
(2.5)
|
89
|
(2.2)
|
0.0
|
|
Compression injury
|
175
|
(4.2)
|
368
|
(2.1)
|
13.1
|
155
|
(3.9)
|
165
|
(4.1)
|
1.1
|
|
Train
|
16
|
(0.4)
|
163
|
(0.9)
|
-5.2
|
16
|
(0.4)
|
15
|
(0.4)
|
0.0
|
|
Sports
|
96
|
(2.3)
|
182
|
(1.1)
|
10.5
|
91
|
(2.3)
|
91
|
(2.3)
|
0.7
|
|
Other blunt injury
|
90
|
(2.2)
|
322
|
(1.9)
|
3.7
|
88
|
(2.2)
|
98
|
(2.5)
|
-0.7
|
|
Penetrating
|
62
|
(1.5)
|
336
|
(2.0)
|
-2.4
|
62
|
(1.6)
|
55
|
(1.4)
|
0.0
|
|
missing
|
69
|
(1.7)
|
532
|
(3.1)
|
-7.8
|
69
|
(1.7)
|
62
|
(1.6)
|
0.0
|
|
Injury distribution with AIS ≥ 3
|
|
Head
|
1963
|
(47.6)
|
9357
|
(54.5)
|
-18.9
|
1916
|
(48.1)
|
1902
|
(47.8)
|
-1.0
|
|
Face
|
84
|
(2.0)
|
263
|
(1.5)
|
3.9
|
81
|
(2.0)
|
76
|
(1.9)
|
0.0
|
|
Neck
|
24
|
(0.6)
|
115
|
(0.7)
|
-1.4
|
24
|
(0.6)
|
21
|
(0.5)
|
1.4
|
|
Chest
|
2294
|
(55.6)
|
8183
|
(47.7)
|
22.8
|
2197
|
(55.2)
|
2153
|
(54.1)
|
0.0
|
|
Abdomen
|
552
|
(13.4)
|
1686
|
(9.8)
|
13.7
|
521
|
(13.1)
|
512
|
(12.9)
|
-0.3
|
|
Spine
|
916
|
(22.2)
|
2969
|
(17.3)
|
11.9
|
862
|
(22.5)
|
862
|
(21.7)
|
1.2
|
|
Extremity
|
1208
|
(29.3)
|
4270
|
(24.9)
|
13.7
|
1144
|
(28.7)
|
1092
|
(27.4)
|
0.7
|
|
Skin
|
8
|
(0.2)
|
26
|
(0.2)
|
3.3
|
7
|
(0.2)
|
8
|
(0.2)
|
0.6
|
|
Injury Severity Score
|
|
16 to 24
|
1792
|
(43.4)
|
8685
|
(50.6)
|
-19.7
|
1750
|
(44.0)
|
1817
|
(45.7)
|
-4.4
|
|
25 to 34
|
1421
|
(34.4)
|
5700
|
(33.2)
|
5.3
|
1370
|
(34.4)
|
1359
|
(34.1)
|
2.9
|
|
≥ 35
|
915
|
(22.2)
|
2773
|
(16.2)
|
19.2
|
860
|
(21.6)
|
804
|
(20.2)
|
2.0
|
|
Accident day
|
|
Working day
|
2876
|
(69.7)
|
12343
|
(71.9)
|
-5.3
|
2780
|
(69.8)
|
2745
|
(69.0)
|
1.9
|
|
Weekend
|
1252
|
(30.3)
|
4815
|
(28.1)
|
5.3
|
1200
|
(30.2)
|
1235
|
(31.0)
|
-1.9
|
