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Table 2 Characteristics of airway management in injured patients with a predicted difficult airway: business hoursa vs. off hoursb

From: Association between off-hour presentation and endotracheal-intubation-related adverse events in trauma patients with a predicted difficult airway: A historical cohort study at a community emergency department in Japan

 

All

(n = 123)

Business hours

(n = 48)

Off hours

(n = 75)

p Value

Three or more ETI attempts, n (%)

9 (7.3)

4 (8.3)

5 (6.7)

0.74

An anesthesiologist performed ETI, n (%)

63 (51.2)

33 (68.8)

30 (40.0)

0.003

ETI method, n (%)

 Without medication

23 (18.7)

10 (20.8)

13 (17.3)

0.64

 Sedative/Analgesic only

28 (22.8)

9 (18.8)

19 (25.3)

0.51

 Paralytic agent only

6 (4.9)

2 (4.2)

4 (5.3)

1.00

 Sedative/analgesic + paralytic agent

66 (53.7)

27 (56.3)

39 (52.0)

0.71

Sedativec, n (%)

 No sedative

36 (29.3)

14 (29.2)

22 (29.3)

1.00

 Midazolam

80 (65.0)

32 (66.7)

48 (64.0)

0.85

 Propofol

8 (6.5)

3 (6.3)

5 (6.7)

1.00

 Ketamine

2 (1.6)

0 (0)

2 (2.7)

0.52

 Thiopental

2 (1.6)

0 (0)

2 (2.7)

0.52

Analgesicc, n (%)

 No analgesic

78 (63.4)

32 (66.7)

46 (61.3)

0.57

 Fentanyl

36 (29.3)

14 (29.2)

22 (29.3)

1.00

 Morphine

1 (0.81)

1 (2.1)

0 (0)

0.39

 Buprenorphine

3 (2.4)

1 (2.1)

2 (2.7)

1.00

 Pentazocine

3 (2.4)

0 (0)

3 (4.0)

0.28

 Butorphanol

2 (1.6)

0 (0)

2 (2.7)

0.52

 Lidocaine

1 (0.81)

0 (0)

1 (1.3)

1.00

Paralytic agent, n (%)

 No paralytic agent

54 (43.9)

20 (41.7)

34 (45.3)

0.71

 Vecuronium

41 (33.3)

18 (37.5)

23 (30.7)

0.44

 Rocuronium

28 (22.8)

10 (20.8)

18 (24.0)

0.83

 Succinylcholine

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

N/A

  1. ETI endotracheal intubation, N/A not available
  2. a8:01 AM to 6:00 PM weekdays
  3. b6:01 PM to 8:00 AM weekdays plus all weekend hours
  4. cMore than one drug may have been used to facilitate ETI