From: Evaluation of a trauma team activation protocol revision: a prospective cohort study
Criteria category | Criterion | Criterio n(/reason) applied to the patient (no. of patients) | Criterion applied to a severely injured patient (ISS > 15a), (no. of patients) | Criterion applied to a patient receiving an emergency procedure (no. of patients) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Vital parameters | 1. Airway obstruction, stridor | 4 | 2 | 3 |
2. Tachypnoe (adults, respiratory rate > 30) | 14 | 10 | 3 | |
3. Heart rate > 130 (adults) | 3 | 0 | 2 | |
4. Systolic BP <90 mmHg | 9 | 5 | 4 | |
5. Lowered level of consciousness (GCSb <13) | 87 | 33 | 28 | |
Extent of injuries | 6. Flail chest | 2 | 1 | 0 |
7. Unstable fracture of the pelvis. Fracture in two or more long bones | 5 | 2 | 0 | |
8. Traumatic amputation or crush injury above wrist/ankle | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
9. Injury in two or more body regions (head/neck/chest/abdomen/pelvis/femur/back) | 61 | 9 | 8 | |
10. Paralysis | 10 | 8 | 1 | |
11. Penetrating injury of the head/neck/chest/abdomen/pelvis/groin/back | 5 | 0 | 3 | |
12. 2. or 3. degree burn injury > 15 % body surface (children > 10 %) | 5 | 2 | 3 | |
13. Burn injury with inhalation injury | 5 | 2 | 2 | |
14. Hypothermia (core temperature <32 °C) | 11 | 3 | 2 | |
Mechanism of injury | 15. Ejected from vehicle | 6 | 4 | 0 |
16. Co-passenger dead | 5 | 2 | 0 | |
17. Trapped in wreck | 9 | 3 | 1 | |
18. Pedestrian or cyclist hit by motor vehicle | 15 | 2 | 2 | |
19. Fall from >5 m | 20 | 10 | 3 | |
20. Avalanche accident | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Unknown criteria | ETAc < 15 min | 8 | 0 | 0 |
Trauma team leader requested TTAd | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Anesthesiologist in ambulance helicopter requested TTAd | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
Unknown/undocumented reason for TTAd | 20 | 0 | 0 |