Table 2 Demographic, process mapping, and outcome variables
Variables studied | Total N = 246 | |
|---|---|---|
Female gender | 128 (52) | |
Age (years) | 70.5 (60–80) | |
Body Mass Index | 25 (21–28) | |
ASA scorea prior to the acute illness | ASA 1 | 20 (8) |
ASA 2 | 44 (18) | |
ASA 3 | 164 (67) | |
ASA 4 | 18 (7) | |
Charlson Comorbidity Indexb | 2 (1–3) | |
Present tobacco smoker | 59 (24) | |
Previous tobacco smoker | 102 (41) | |
Never smoker | 83 (35) | |
Present smokers: Cigarettes/day | 15 (10–20) | |
Admitted from | Home | 218 (89) |
Residential care home | 12 (4) | |
Nursing home | 13 (5) | |
Other hospital | 3 (1) | |
Arrived by ambulance | 141 (58) | |
Time of arrival | 12 (10 am–2 pm) | |
ED triage levelc | Critial Care Team | 18 (8) |
Met by ED physician | 21 (9) | |
MTS 2 | 131 (55) | |
MTS 3 | 53 (23) | |
MTS 4 | 14 (6) | |
Time from arrival to | NEWSd scoring 1 | 0:08 (0:03–0:20) |
NEWS scoring 2 | 2:45 (2:24–3:24) | |
NEWS scoring 3 | 23:35 (20:40–25:43) | |
NEWS on 1st scoring | (n = 246) | 5 (3–7) |
NEWS on 2nd scoring | (n = 174) | 5 (3–7) |
NEWS on 3rd scoring | (n = 201) | 5 (3–7) |
Length of hospital stay (days) | 4 (2–7) | |
Maximum level of care | ICU | 4 (2) |
Medical ICU | 19 (8) | |
Cardiac HDU | 15 (6) | |
General ward | 177 (72) | |
ED | 31 (13) | |
Mechanical ventilatory support | Intubated | 4 (2) |
NIV or BiPAP | 20 (8) | |
CPAP | 7 (3) | |
None | 216 (88) | |
Discharged to | Home | 181 (74) |
Nursing home | 38 (15) | |
Rehabilitation facility | 2 (1) | |
Other hospital | 9 (4) | |
Dead | 16 (7) | |
Discharged alive | 230 (93) | |
Alive 30 d after ED arrival | 224 (91) | |
Alive 90 d after ED arrival | 204 (83) | |
Alive 90 d after ED arrival | MTS 1 | 25/39 (64) |
MTS ≥2 | 179/207 (86) | |
Treated in ICUs or HDU | 27/38 (71) | |
Treated in ward or ED | 177/208 (85) | |