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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of patients with and without post-snakebite compartment syndrome

From: Predictors of the development of post-snakebite compartment syndrome

Characteristics

All patient (N = 136)

Non-PSCS group (N = 127)

PSCS group (N = 9)

p value*

Age (years) (mean ± SD)

51.5 ± 17.0

51.4 ± 17.0

52.2 ± 17.2

0.955

Gender (n, %)

    

 Male

101 (74.3 %)

95 (74.8 %)

6 (66.7 %)

0.694

 Female

35 (25.7 %)

32 (25.2 %)

3 (33.3 %)

 

Time from injury to ED (hours)

5.8 ± 11.2

5.8 ± 11.5

5.8 ± 6.2

0.069

Snake species (n, %)

    

 Unknown species

72 (52.9 %)

67 (52.8 %)

5 (55.6 %)

0.996

 Taiwan Habu (Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus)

31 (22.8 %)

29 (22.8 %)

2 (22.2 %)

 

 Bamboo viper (Trimeresurus stejnegeri)

17 (12.6 %)

16 (12.6 %)

1 (11.1 %)

 

 Russell’s pit viper (Daboia russellii formosensis)

3 (2.2 %)

3 (2.4 %)

0 (0.0 %)

 

 Taiwan cobra (Naja naja atra)

12 (8.8 %)

11 (8.7 %)

1 (11.1 %)

 

 Taiwan banded krait (Bungarus multicinctus)

1 (0.7 %)

1 (0.8 %)

0 (0 %)

 

Initial GCS (n, %)

    

 GCS = 15

136 (100 %)

127 (100 %)

9 (100 %)

1.000

Initial blood pressure (n, %)

    

 SBP ≥ 90 mmHg

136 (100 %)

127 (100 %)

9 (100 %)

1.000

Laboratory data

    

 WBC (/uL)(mean ± SD)

8910 ± 3710

8600 ± 3500

12660 ± 4360

0.006

 Seg (%) (mean ± SD)

64.4 ± 14.7

62.9 ± 14.1

82.7 ± 6.8

<0.001

 INR (mean ± SD)

1.03 ± 0.92

1.03 ± 0.07

1.13 ± 0.24

0.155

 Cr (mg/dL) (mean ± SD)

0.87 ± 0.22

0.86 ± 0.22

0.88 ± 0.19

0.525

 AST (U/L) (mean ± SD)

37.9 ± 29.5

30.96 ± 12.68

103.00 ± 64.05

<0.001

 ALT (U/L) (mean ± SD)

26.1 ± 15.3

24.82 ± 14.64

40.43 ± 16.65

0.008

 Myoglobin (ng/mL) (median, IQR)

34.7 (20.8 – 64.3)

33.1 (20.0 – 59.7)

52.0 (34.3 – 1259.4)

0.123

 CRP (mg/L) (median, IQR)

1.0 (0.4 -4.9)

1.0 (0.4 -4.9)

2.8 (0.9 -6.4)

0.275

Admission (n, %)

    

 Yes

62 (45.6 %)

53 (41.7 %)

9 (100 %)

0.001

 No

74 (54.4 %)

74 (58.3 %)

0 (0 %)

 

Length of hospital stay (day) (mean ± SD)

4.2 ± 6.7

3.3 ± 4.2

17.2 ± 16.7

<0.001

  1. *The comparison is between non-PSCS and PSCS groups
  2. PSCS Post-snakebite Compartment syndrome, SD standard deviation. IQR Interquartile range, ED emergency department, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, SBP systolic blood pressure, WBC white blood count, Seg segment, PLT platelet, INR international normalized ratio, APTT activated partial thromboplastin time, BUN blood urea nitrogen, Cr creatinine, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, CRP C reactive protein
  3. Bold data represent the p value < 0.05