Table 6 Multivariable adjusted analysis of factors influencing the outcome of patients^a

Study Phase

Phase 1

reference

-

reference

-

reference

-

Phase 2

2.92 (1.35–6.31)

<0.01

3.01 (1.41–6.38)

<0.01

3.14 (1.72–5.73)

<0.001

Age

0.93 (0.92–0.96)

<0.001

0.94 (0.92–0.96)

<0.001

0.95 (0.94–0.97)

<0.001

ISS

0.93 (0.91–0.96)

<0.001

0.94 (0.92–0.96)

<0.001

0.96 (0.94–0.98)

<0.001

GCS

1.24 (1.12–1.38)

<0.001

1.29 (1.16–1.43)

<0.001

1.2 (1.11–1.29)

<0.001

Pupils

None reactive

Reference

-

Reference

-

Reference

-

One reactive

9.89 (2.12–45.9)

<0.01

7.57 (1.75–32.6)

<0.01

4.03 (1.09–14.85)

<0.01

Both reactive

6.66 (2.58–17.1)

<0.001

6.09 (2.42–15.32)

<0.001

4.95 (1.97–12.45)

<0.001

Midline shift

>5 mm

Reference

-

Reference

-

reference

-

<5 mm

0.55 (0.17–1.74)

0.309

0.58 (0.18–1.81)

0.348

2.07 (0.71–6)

0.18

No shift

1.92 (0.79–4.66)

0.149

1.56 (0.66–3.71)

0.314

5 (2.26–11)

<0.001

Ringers lactate administered

1.56 (0.62–3.97)

0.348

2.01 (0.83–4.89)

0.124

1.44(0.69–3.01)

0.319

Ringers solution administered

1.25 (0.49–3.12)

0.635

1.51 (0.63–3.6)

0.358

0.93 (0.45–1.91)

0.843

Colloids administered

0.58 (0.13–2.41)

0.447

0.6 (0.15–2.42)

0.472

0.9 (0.26–3.14)

0.869

EMS arrival to admission time <60 min

1.49 (0.61–3.71)

0.384

2.29 (0.95–5.49)

0.063

0.87 (0.42–1.8)

0.715

Admission to first CT time <60 min

1.39 (0.59–3.3)

0.441

1.14 (0.49–2.65)

0.761

1.54 (0.79–3.04)

0.203