Table 2 Comparison of Study Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Documented in the German Resuscitation Registry Relative to Intubation Problems (January 2007–October 2011)
From: Difficult intubation and outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry-based analysis
Difficult endotracheal intubation | Impossible endotracheal intubation | Normal endotracheal intubation (control group) | P-values | Test method | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | 510 | 147 | 7855 | ||
Gender male | 378 (74.1 %) | 117 (79.6 %) | 5194 (66.1 %) | p < 0.001 | Chi2 |
Age in years (MD +/− SD) | 64.5 +/−14.9 | 64.1 +/−14.9 | 68.7 +/−15.2 | p < 0.001 | Kruskal-Wallis |
Age > 80 years | 85 (16.7 %) | 18 (12.2 %) | 1973 (25.1 %) | p < 0.001 | Chi2 |
Location | |||||
- At home | 325 (63.7 %) | 97 (66.0 %) | 5271 (67.1 %) | 0.028 | Chi2 |
- Nursing home | 30 (5.9 %) | 7 (4.8 %) | 611 (7.8 %) | ||
- Doctor’s office | 5 (1.0 %) | 4 (2.7 %) | 147 (1.9 %) | ||
- Public place | 111 (21.8 %) | 32 (21.8 %) | 1357 (17.3 %) | ||
- Medical institution | 11 (2.2 %) | 2 (1.4 %) | 191 (2.4 %) | ||
- Others | 28 (5.5 %) | 5 (3.4 %) | 278 (3.5 %) | ||
Presenting rhythm | |||||
- Ventricular Fibrillation | 154 (30.2 %) | 40 (27.2 %) | 2235 (28.5 %) | 0.274 | Chi2 |
- EMD | 79 (15.5 %) | 17 (11.6 %) | 1345 (17.1 %) | ||
- Asystole | 277 (54.3 %) | 90 (61.2 %) | 4275 (54.4 %) | ||
Witnessed | |||||
- None | 153 (30.0 %) | 60 (40.8 %) | 3046 (38.8 %) | p < 0.001 | Chi2 |
- Lay people | 309 (60.6 %) | 70 (47.6 %) | 3952 (50.3 %) | ||
- Professionals | 48 (9.4 %) | 17 (11.6 %) | 857 (10.9 %) | ||
Bystander CPR | 125 (24.5 %) | 29 (19.7 %) | 1173 (14.9 %) | p < 0.001 | Chi2 |
Presumed etiology | |||||
- Cardial | 375 (73.5 %) | 109 (74.1 %) | 6360 (81.0 %) | p < 0.001 | Chi2 |
- Trauma | 21 (4.1 %) | 7 (4.8 %) | 181 (2.3 %) | ||
- Hypoxia | 66 (12.9 %) | 20 (13.6 %) | 698 (8.9 %) | ||
- Intoxikation | 6 (1.2 %) | 5 (3.4 %) | 114 (1.5 %) | ||
- Other not cardial | 42 (8.2 %) | 6 (4.1 %) | 502 (6.4 %) | ||
use of SGD | 152 (29.8 %) | 97 (66.0 %) | 530 (6.7 %) | p < 0.001 | Chi2 |
Arrest to EMS arrival time (MD +/−SD) | 9.1 +/− 5.8 | 8.3 +/−5.6 | 8.7 +/−6.0 | 0.092 | Kruskal-Wallis |
observed ROSC | 222 (43.5 %) | 46 (31.3 %) | 3297 (42.0 %) | 0.025 | Chi2 |
(95 % CI) | (39.2–47.8 %) | (23.8–38.8 %) | (40.9–43.1 %) | ||
expected ROSC (RACA) | 42.0 % | 40.5 % | 39.8 % |