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Table 4 Care and outcome parameters of injured patients by subspecialty intervention: business hours 1 versus off hours 2

From: The off-hour effect on trauma patients requiring subspecialty intervention at a community hospital in Japan: a retrospective cohort study

Parameter

ORIF

TAE

Laparotomy

Craniotomy

Thoracotomy

Business hours (n = 251)

Off hours (n = 256)

Business hours (n = 63)

Off hours (n = 81)

Business hours (n = 48)

Off hours (n = 70)

Business hours (n = 11)

Off hours (n = 16)

Business hours (n = 6)

Off hours (n = 3)

Prehospital time (min)

49.1 ± 24.5

48.5 ± 23.8

54.9 ± 28.5

58.1 ± 28.1

53.9 ± 23.5

52.3 ± 28.7

38.1 ± 20.4

45.4 ± 22.0

49.0 ± 23.0

35.3 ± 10.1

ER stay (min)

156.5 ± 82.7

153.8 ± 71.0

108.0 ± 66.4

131.6 ± 61.3***

127.4 ± 71.6

126.3 ± 60.1

142.4 ± 63.0

149.3 ± 54.7

81.5 ± 43.3

156.3 ± 56.3

Total time to OR (min)

205.6 ± 87.3

202.3 ± 73.0

162.9 ± 73.1

189.7 ± 63.1***

181.3 ± 70.7

178.5 ± 63.1

180.5 ± 60.1

194.7 ± 48.9

130.5 ± 61.1

191.7 ± 50.0

Mortality, n (%)

2 (0.80)

2 (0.78)

14 (22.2)

15 (18.5)

6 (12.5)

15 (21.4)

6 (54.5)

0 (0.0)**

4 (66.7)

2 (66.7)

Unexpected trauma death, n (%)

1/247 (0.40)

1/249 (0.40)

4/45 (8.9)

5/63 (7.9)

2/40 (5.0)

10/62 (16.1)

2/6 (33.3)

0/14 (0.0)

3/4 (75.0)

2/3 (66.7)

Good recovery, n (%)

232 (92.4)

237 (92.6)

45 (71.4)

57 (70.4)

35 (72.9)

53 (75.7)

5 (45.5)

13 (81.3)

1 (16.7)

1 (33.3)

Adverse events in the ER, n (%)

11 (4.4)

26 (10.2)*

14 (22.2)

19 (23.5)

5 (10.4)

13 (18.6)

2 (18.2)

1 (6.3)

1 (16.7)

1 (33.3)

  1. 18:01 AM to 6:00 PM weekdays.
  2. 26:01 PM to 8:00 AM weekdays plus all weekend hours.
  3. Data expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
  4. ASA-PS, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; ER, emergency room; ISS, Injury Severity Score; OR, operating room; ORIF, open reduction with internal fixation; Ps, Probability of survival; RTS, Revised Trauma Score; TAE, transarterial embolization.