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Table 1 The BD-based classification of hypovolemic shock [9]

From: The impact of severe traumatic brain injury on a novel base deficit- based classification of hypovolemic shock

 

Class I

Class II

Class III

Class IV

Shock

none to minimal

mild

moderate

severe

BD at admission (mmol/l)

≤ 2

> 2.0 to 6.0

> 6.0 to 10.0

> 10.0

Need for blood products

watch

consider

act

Be prepared for massive transfusion

  1. Abbreviations: BD base deficit.