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Table 1 The characteristics of trauma, indication of venoarterial extracorporeal life support, and outcomes

From: Venoarterial extracorporeal life support in post-traumatic shock and cardiac arrest: lessons learned

No.

Age/sex

ISS

Pre-VA-ECLS summary of major injuries

Pre-ECLS

Indication of VA-ECLS

Operation on VA- ECLS

Outcomes

 

Injury mechanism

  

Damage-control surgery

   
 

Time to VA-ECLS*

      

1

21/M

75

OHCA (traumatic asphyxia)

No

CA in ED

No

Died-on-ECLS (ECLS h:75)

Car accident

Bilateral lung contusion and HPnTx

3 h

Minor pelvic fracture

2

37/M

10

Scalp lacerations

Right thoracotomy:

CA in OR

Re-thoracotomy for hemostasis

Survived (ECLS h:112)

Chest stabbing

Right massive HTx

RLL wedge resection

4 h

3

48/M

13

Right massive HTx,

Right thoracotomy

CA in OR

Cardiorrhaphy

Survived (ECLS h:91)

Car accident

Grade 2 liver injury

4 h

4

38/M

34

Coma (< 6 h),

No

Refractory hypothermia (31ËšC)

No

Died-on-ECLS (Termination of ECLS after 7 h)

Accidental fall

Bilateral lung contusion

5 h

Refractory hypothermia 31 ~ 30ËšC

5

29/M

41

Coma (≤ 6 h)

No

CA in ED

No

Died-on-ECLS (ECLS h:17)

High-voltage electrocution

3rd degree burn (35% TBSA)

6 h

Right open PnTx, bilateral lung contusion

Right femoral fracture

6

33/M

36

Coma (> 6 h), Minor C-spine fracture,

Bilateral thoracotomy:

CA in ICU

Change to VV mode

Died-on-ECLS (ECLS h:297)

Accidental fall

Bilateral lung contusion, ribs fractures, and HPnTx

RLL and LLL lobectomies

20 h

Minor pelvic fracture.

7

47/F

41

Traumatic SAH

Right thoracotomy:

CA in OR

Reapir colonic perforation and end-ileostomy.

Died-on-ECLS (ECLS h:69)

Motorbike accident

Bilateral lung contusion and HPnTx, Diaphragmatic rupture, grade 3 liver injury, grade 4 spleen injury, pelvic fracture with retroperitoneal hemorrhage, right radial fracture

Repair of RLL and diaphragmatic laceration

47 h

Laparotomy:

Splenectomy, hepatorrhaphy, retroperitoneal packing

8

45/M

20

Bilateral lung contusion, flial chest, right HPnTx

No

CA in ICU

Change to VV mode

Died-on-ECLS (Termination of ECLS after 258 h)

Motorbike accident

Right clavicle, ribs, left tibial and humeral fracture.

48 h

9

24/M

18

Right lung contusion

Laparotomy:

CA in ICU (sepsis)

No

Survived (ECLS h:116)

Motorbike accident

Mesenteric injury with small bowel gangrene

Segmental bowel resection and end-ileostomy

 

315 h

 

Minor L- spine fracture

    
  1. Time to VA-ECLS*: Emergency department admission to VA-ECLS deployment.
  2. ISS: Injury severity score. VA-ECLS: venoarterial extracorporeal life support. OHCA: Out hospital cardiac arrest. CA: Cardiac arrest. HTx: Hemothorax. PnTx: Pneumothorax. HPnTx: Hemopneumothorax. C-Spine: Cervical spine. L-spine: Lumbar spine. RML: Right middle lobe. RLL: Right lower lobe. LLL: Left lower lobe.
  3. SAH: Subarachnoid hemorrhage.